ADVANCED English Vocabulary in context | Learn English with the News
hi there this is Harry and welcome back to Advanced English lessons with Harry where I try to help you to get a better understanding of the English language helping you with vocabulary Expressions phrases whatever it takes to help you to improve conversational English or indeed your business English and from time to time we include an article a news the article something in the news and I read that for you and I give you some words and expressions that have been used in the article and explain what they mean so that's exactly what we're going to do in this particular lesson and at the end of the lesson if you need any further help need any further explanations or examples then please write to me on www.englishlessonviscype.com and I'll happily provide you with any information that you like or that you need okay so getting back to this Advanced English lesson it's all about an article the article a period in the Guardian newspaper which is a really nice source of well-balanced articles that we like to read from time to time and the particular heading in this particular article is another warning about the AI apocalypse I don't buy it so it's not my opinion it's the opinion of the journalist who wrote the particular article so he's just saying or she's saying another warning about the AI the artificial intelligence apocalypse people think we're coming into a major major catastrophe dealing with artificial intelligence and the journalist says I don't buy it meaning they don't necessarily agree with it so what I do I'll read it once just for you to get the gist of what it's about then I'll read it a second time putting some stress on certain words and then I'll come back and I'll give you an explanation as to the meaning of those particular words okay so let's start and here's the text so I'll read it once for you just to get a gist and then a second time to get a better understanding and I'll come back and give you the particular words and expressions that I've highlighted so you get a meaning and how we can use them so here's the first reading just for the gist AI tools like chat GPT are everywhere it is the combination of computational power and availability of data that has led to a surge in AI technology but the reason models such as chat GPT and Bard have made such a spectacular Splash is that they have hit our own homes with around 100 million people currently using them this has led to a very fraught public debate it is predicted that a quarter of all jobs will be affected one way or another by Ai and some companies are holding back on recruitment to see which jobs can be automated fears about AI can move markets as we saw yesterday when Pearson shares tumbled over concerns that AI would disrupt its business and looming above the day-to-day debate are the sometimes apocalyptic warnings about the long-term dangers of AI Technologies often from loud and arguably authoritative voices belonging to Executives and researchers who developed these Technologies so are people right to raise the Specter of apocalyptic AI driven destruction in my view no I agree that there are some sobering risks but people are beginning to understand that these are socio-technical systems that is not just neutral tools but an inextricable bundle of code data subjective parameters and people ai's end users and the direction it develops aren't inevitable and addressing the risks of AI isn't simply a question of stop or proceed companies are aware of these issues as they work on new systems open AI the company behind chat GPT sums them up pretty well it recognizes that while a lot has been done to root out racism and other forms of hate from chat gpt's responses manipulation and hallucination which means producing content that is nonsensical or untruthful essentially making stuff up still happen I'm confident that trial and error plus burgeoning research in this area will help okay so that's the article so basically what the journalist is saying is giving his opinion about the current Surge and the interest in artificial intelligence in particular systems such as chat GPT and Bard which have been introduced in the last six months or so on there are lots and lots of people around the world using it but there are also frustrations because the impact of chat GPT and other Artificial Intelligence on current jobs is huge and people of course are panicking and worried as to what the future will hold for jobs so this particular journalist believes that balance is important and yes these issues are there but we shouldn't be overly concerned unlike everything else we should learn to embrace these new developments they happen to be my own opinions I think that's actually quite right that it's senseless and difficult to push them aside and ban them or try to ban them because they will be there anyway so we might as well Embrace what is there and try to work for the good and the better of everyone okay so let me read it to you a second time a little bit more slowly okay so you can understand it and then I'll give you a meaning of the words that I've highlighted AI tools like chat GPT are everywhere it is the combination of computational power and availability of data that has led to a surge in AI technology but the reason models such as chat GPT and Bard have made such a spectacular Splash is that they have hit our own homes with around 100 million people currently using them this has led to a very fraught public debate it is predicted that a quarter of all jobs will be affected one way or another by Ai and some companies are holding back on recruitment to see which jobs can be automated fears about AI can move markets and as we saw yesterday when Pearson shares tumbled over concerns that AI would disrupt its business and looming above the day-to-day debate are the sometimes apocalyptic warnings about the long-term dangers of AI Technologies often from loud and arguably authoritative voices belonging to Executives and researchers who developed these Technologies so are people right to raise the Specter of apocalyptic AI driven destruction in my view no I agree that there are some Sovereign risks but people are beginning to understand that these are socio-technical systems that is not just Mutual tools but an inextricable bundle of code data subjective parameters and people ai's end users and the direction it develops aren't inevitable and addressing the risks of AI isn't simply a question of stop or proceed companies are aware of these issues as they work on new systems open AI the the company behind chat GPT sums them up pretty well it recognizes that while a lot has been done to root out racism and other forms of hate from chat gpt's responses manipulation and hallucination which means producing content that is nonsensical or untruthful essentially made up still happen I'm confident that trial and error plus versioning research in this area will help okay so there's the article as I explained before just the argument that's going on these days between should we or should we not Embrace or try to ban all of this new issues this New Media this new these new platforms such as chat GPT and Bard okay so the words that I've highlighted the first word is computational computational so just be careful with the pronunciation okay computational and computational means about calculating something okay so when you calculate how much you need it's a computation you carry out a computation and of course all the algorithms that we use are computational power to identify how to use these particular artificial intelligence platforms computational second word search and we have it here led to a surge in AI technology a surge means a sudden increase so if there's a power blackout in certain countries it's often because there has been a surge in demand so in particularly cold Winters people switch on their heating as a result there's a surge in demand for electricity and that might result in a blackout so surge is a sudden increase or if there's heavy rains and floods in a river there may be a surge of water a sudden increase in the flow of the water that causes flooding surge so it's a noun okay and for pronunciation take the word urge and just put the S on the front of it surge a surge in demand okay third word fraud fraught now think of the word taught teach taught are now fraught forget your pronunciation in the obstacle we have this has led to a very fraught public debate fraud means very difficult very niggly you know very argumentative it's not everybody in agreement with each other people are arguing on one side other people are arguing on the other side so it is fraught it means it is difficult and we have this expression in English fraught with difficulties there are problems so it's not an easy passage it's not going to be smooth it's fraught public debate or fraught public opinion number four to hold back on in the article we said companies are holding back on recruitment so to hold back on something is to delay okay so companies are holding back on recruitment because they want to seek and they get away without recruiting people and just use artificial intelligence of course it will go straight to the bottom line so to hold back on something means to prevent it from being issued so perhaps there's an article and the publisher said no let's hold back on publishing that article for a few days meaning let's delay publishing that article for a few days to hold back and of course if you do like this particular lesson then please like the video and if if you can subscribe to the channel because it really really helps to Tumble over okay now here we're talking about financial aspects the shares and the leading publishing company called Pearson they shares a tumbled over concern so they tumble mean they fell so when something tumbles it falls so the value of these shares fell over the concerns about artificial intelligence and its impact on the company's business so they this is the reason why the shares fail they tumbled over concerns that AI would and here's the next word disrupt their business so when something is disrupted it's that it doesn't stop completely but it is made more difficult so business is disrupted so for example if there was a train strike or a strike by Dr does then traveling and the trains would be difficult because it would be disrupted you're not not sure whether your train is running or not or if you have to have an operation to get your knee replaced or whatever it might be if there are no doctors then the operations the schedule of operations will also be disrupted some will happen some will not so when we disrupt something we cause problems difficulties it doesn't stop entirely but it's not easy to get things done so not easy to travel during a train strike there will be a lot of disruption not easy to have normal everyday operations in the hospital when there's a doctor strike it will cause some disruption okay now the next word we have is looming okay so and looming above the day-to-day debate so when something looms it's sort of hanging there yeah waiting to fall for example if you're looking at the window or the code ruled October November Day there might often be some fog around so the fog looms over the streets it sort of just hangs there and makes it very difficult for you to see through that fog it looms or if something looms it's just hanging there and you're waiting for something to happen so if a factory or a business is going to close or there are concerns or rumors that the company has financial difficulties then there's looming over the city this uncertainty whether people are going to lose their job so it looms something that just hangs there and in the article we said and looming above the day-to-day debate so something was in the air hanging there over the heads like a big weight waiting to fall okay looms number eight the next word is sobering in the article we say I agree that there are some sobering risks sober is when you're not affected by alcohol you are sober but sobering risks or risks that make you sit up and think okay so in this article they're talking about the possible apocalyptic destruction that artificial intelligence will cause and this person writing the article says they don't agree with this but there are some sobering risks meaning there are some risks that you really need to think about you can't just avoid them and put your head in the sand so sobering risks risks that are out there that are real and you need to think about the next word inextricable now here I just want to focus on the pronunciation first of all okay so inextricable inextricable inextricable inextricable inextricable inextricable inextricable now what does it mean inextricable means something that cannot be separated okay in the article they say this is uh that is not just neutral tools but an inextricable bundle of code data subjective parameters and people meaning these things cannot be separated it's all part of the same problem the problem about artificial intelligence they're inextricable all the issues are inextricable they cannot be separated okay in countries often we talk about the inextricable link between State and church where often you know what the church does what the state does are exactly the same so this inextricable link okay so we have to be really careful about the pronunciation and then also to get the correct meaning inextricable next word inevitable a little bit easier to pronounce inevitable and here in the article we say the use of artificial intelligence at the end of the day and the direction in which it develops aren't inevitable so inevitable means something that is is going to happen no matter what so you know the end of the day is always inevitable we get up in the morning at seven or eight a.m the surest thing is that we'll go to bed when it's dark at 10 11 or 12 so the day at the end of the day is inevitable you can't stop it happening in the article they say this change isn't inevitable meaning it doesn't have to be something that will happen but we can make changes so inevitable is something that is always going to happen inevitable as soon as night follows day it's inevitable we are born we live we die it's inevitable yeah that certain things in life that are inevitable life death and taxes was a famous quotation so the people are born people die and people pay taxes inevitable okay and the next expression we have to root out something okay then here they say to root out racism so to root out something means to get rid of it okay so if you're digging in the garden and you dig up a big tree you literally rooted out meaning you dig up all the roots that hold the tree into the ground or if you've got a problem in your office or you've got a problem in the school you try to root out the cause of the problem you know if there's somebody who's been disruptive you might tell them they need to find some other place to work all this a pupil who's been disruptive you might send them home from school for a few days or a few weeks on tell the parents that this child is causing problems and we have to root out bullying or racism within the school and if the child doesn't improve the behavior then they will be asked to leave so to root out something is to get rid of it dig it up and throw it out to root out and then number 12 to make up in the article says to make up stuff we make up stories kids make up stories all the time they make up little friends that don't really exist they make up stories why they didn't do their homework they make up stories why they don't want to go to school because they've got a headache or a pain in their tummy so people are constantly making up stuff making up stories that are not really true either to impress somebody or to get something that they want to make up in an article here they're talking again about this whole chat gbt where they try to root out racism and also this idea where people make up stories that are not really true but people for some strange reason believe it okay so to root out those people making stuff up or making up stuff and then finally we have another word quite difficult on the tongue for pronunciation but burgeoning now make sure you've got the G sound J burgeoning yeah okay so it's like again the word urge urge and then Birds burgeoning okay now burgeoning means growing quickly or developing or expanding so here they're talking about I am confident that trial and error plus burgeoning research lots of increasing or growing research in this area will help okay so we might have a burgeoning economy economy that started off small but year by year is getting bigger and bigger and bigger burgeoning so let me give you the pronunciation again burgeoning burgeoning burgeoning burgeoning okay so a burgeoning economy burgeoning research okay so they're the words we have 13 in total let me run through them again quickly computational surge fraught to hold back on to Tumble over to disrupt to loom or looming sobering inextricable inevitable to root out to make up stuff and then finally burgeoning okay so hopefully you've enjoyed that particular article Ai and all this issue about Chachi chat GPT is really top of the agenda these days everybody is talking about it you know everybody is looking out for it everybody's practicing we tried it ourselves here just to see what we could get and the results are quite quite amazing okay so if there's anything else that you require in relation to this article or the words or the phrases of the Expressions as I said at the beginning give me a call send me an email and we'll try to help you out okay this is Harry as always thanking you for listening and for watching and remember join me for the next lesson
2023-06-04 22:43
