Venice / Italian water city
welcome today we are going to talk about venice italy venice venice italian vanessa venetian v venezia german vanette hedge is a city in northern italy and the capital of the veneto region and the capital of the province of venice venice is the largest city in the region in terms of population and area it has an estimated population of 271 000 people the city consists of two separate parts the center which contains the lake of the same name mestre and the land area for more than a thousand years the city was the capital of the republic of venice and was known as the queen of the adriatic due to its cultural and artistic heritage and the area of lakes in it the city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world sponsored by unesco which made it the second italian city after rome in terms of the high rate of tourist flow from different parts of the world the city consists of several islands connected to each other by bridges and the city overlooks the adriatic sea the city is considered one of the most important italian cities and one of the most beautiful cities in italy because of its historical buildings most of which date back to the renaissance in italy and its multiple water channels which makes it unique in the world the historical center of the city lies on an area of 4 km of land on 118 islands of the veneto beach area the unique view and the artistic treasures present make it a unique city in the world passed by more than 150 channels venice is divided into six provinces palarino padua rovigo venice verona and vichenza venice was self-governing during the middle ages and beyond and it was called the republic of venice and it was one of the most important commercial ports in europe during the crusades and it had a huge naval power during the fourth crusade called for by pope innocent iii in 1189 the ruler of venice duke enrico d'andolo made a deal with the crusaders and he agreed to arrange ships for them if they helped the venetians occupy the town of zara in the croatian region of dalmatia the duke to exploit the crusaders to achieve his purposes instead of transferring them to jerusalem the capital of palestine he headed their ships to constantinople the capital of the byzantine empire where emperor isaac and julius had been abducted from the throne because he was encouraging venice's trade with the east duke enrico d'andolo succeeded in restoring the emperor to the throne but a violent revolution did not soon it erupted in the city where angelus was killed and dandalo succeeded in seizing the best commercial sites for venice after occupying the most important islands in the aegean scene controlling the bosphorus and the dardanelles making the republic of venice one of the most powerful countries in europe name origin the name venice was used at first to refer to all the territory of the region before the period of roman rule this appears in the augustus administrative division of italy in the 7th century a.d where it and the israel peninsula were part of the region of reggio this has continued to use the name under the byzantine rule which was called venetica or in latin venetia marine after that the name was given to the duke of venice and finally the name was given to its capital it is noted that the historical center united in a late period the islanders there is a specialty to that name as it is a plural noun perhaps this is because the city contributed to the unification of more than one island and their integration together the name of the territory appeared in ancient documents in the singular form but when referring to the city the plural noun is required during the periods of arab rule the arabs called it venice in reference to the title ponodosia beautiful duchy date the city of venice arose in 800 bc in a river dotted with swamps environment and it is believed that there have been human settlements since prehistoric times due to its richness in riches the city was based on land and sea fishing civilization in the pre-roman era i.e in the era of the ancient phoenicians was well established in an area whose people were based on fishing salt production shipping and other activities related to trade the city was also a center for commercial communication linking the city with central and northern europe during this period some colonies developed this strengthened the advent of the romans from this position it was also strengthened by the port system while the hinterland has been reclaimed and this is clearly visible also in the organization of the roads the city became according to the chronic on alternative the first colony in the region of rialto on the 25th of december 402 a.d and with the blessing of from the church of san jacinto on the banks of the great canal the inhabitants of the mainland sought to flee in the wake of various waves of barbarian it was carried out in the 5th century by the huns in 452 and the lombards in 568. however venice now appears to be a group of small heterogeneous settlements great importance was given to the neighboring regions such as churchillo armiana and metamaco at the same time the largest religious institutes were transferred to the lake district such as the conservatory of patriarch aquila agrado and the conservatory of bishop altino aterchello the city was united again with all of italy in 554 under the empire of augustus and the conquest of the lombards re-emerged in 568. the byzantines lost large parts of the city and retained only the coastal strip
at this time the name phoenicia which used to refer to almost all parts of the city came to refer only to the lake district in a year 697 venice was established as an independent state by the byzantine ruler of ravenna and its capital was irkliana and then matamaico following an attempted conquest by charlemagne in 821 rialto became the capital of the duke of venice and then the name of the province and the state became venice the rapprochement with the french empire and the privileged relations with the byzantine east and constantinople made the city one of the main gateways to exchange between east and west it also allowed the growth of the morgantile class which over the course of four centuries transformed it from a remote colony into a completely independent master of the sea the city became one of the maritime republics and as a reminder of it there is the statue of the lion of san marco which symbolizes the city and appears in the naval insignia of the italian flag along with the symbols of genoa pisa and amalfi its head of government was called the duke dukes in latin who saw with the passage of time that his power was always restricted by new members of the institutions many of the dukes of venice found themselves compelled to get the vote because the citizens believed they wanted power and some had been killed or blinded phoenicia was conquered in the 13th century on a large part of the adriatic coast and on the regions of dalmatia and austria and many of the islands of the igo creta chibro and corfu it was the most important military power and among the main trading powers in the middle east the territory of the republic also extended in the 15th century to include the ada river in austria and part of the baluno region which is located in polozena the feeling of collapse began in the 15th century due to historical events including the increase in the power of the ottomans and the movement of trade to the americas which severely undermined the city's maritime dominance which moved its economic interests into the country on november 7th 1866 the entry of victory manual 2 made the city one of europe's finest and had a powerful influence on art architecture and literature but this was only a dream after more than a thousand years from independence and on may 12 1797 duke ludovico manini and the chamber of deputies headed by napoleon were forced to abdicate to proclaim an emergency government for the municipality of venice with the treaty of campformio which was between the french and austrians the existence of the municipality of venice was abolished on the 17th of october 1797. it was seeded austria for the veneto austria dalmatia and the qatar outposts which formed the veneto province of the austro-bulgarian empire on its return to the french it belonged to austria until the unity of italy in 1848 the city took an active part in revolutionary movements and in the attempt of daniela manamit became for a short time independent with the institutionalized republic of san marco after a year of siege by the austrians the city was forced to surrender on august 22nd 1849. october 21st 1866 alliance with caparetta withdrew after a desperate attempt to defend the city and its important naval base the italian army stood along the pave where it engaged in a long battle of resistance due to its proximity to the battlefront venice found itself suffering from numerous air attacks by austria and bulgaria which caused extensive damage to the city in 1917 it was merged patingo which renamed magura to the city of venice and construction of the new margaret port facilities began in the 1920s the city witnessed a remarkable increase in its territory thanks to the annexation of burano murano and palestrina in 1926 in quirinego zelerino mestre and vivaro veneto in 1926. the accession of land from land led to the emergence of margaret's industry due to its economic policy in those years because of its urban structure venice proved unable to form an industrial city despite the availability of a large workforce expansion in the land area has become the necessary solution to the development of the lake city in 1933 a land bridge was built between venice and the mainland the centers of margaret and maestre were suffered from heavy aerial bombardment during world war ii the city experienced population growth in the mainland area attracting immigrants from all over the interior and from the historic center itself parallel to this expansion the city witnessed the emigration of most of the population of the historical center as a result the land area has twice the population of the city islands the demographic increase has become the dizzying lamistry of the 1960s was added to the housing labor policy that disfavored the lake dwellers and the devastating effects of the 1966 flood which exposed the weakness of the city's basements on the evening of september 11 1970 a hurricane hit the historic center with a force of f4 on the fujita scale which caused severe damage including the sinking of the actual boat which killed 21 people the crisis of the chemical industry between the 80s and the early 90s and the downsizing of the large cities of northern italy in mestre and the neighboring suburbs led to a significant decline in the population monuments and historical places the ruins of the city are located almost in the historical center and on the islands of the lake as for the dry part it is devoid of important places the most famous of these places is san marco square which is the only one in the historical center that is called piazza or in italian piazza other squares are called squares the church of san marco in the center of the square is gold-plated and covered with mosaics that tell the history of the city along with the carved reliefs depicting the months of the year above the main door are four bronze horses who were transported from constantinople to venice during the fourth crusade in 1204 and the greek cross with the same name is clearly visible the five domes the present church is the third church dedicated to saint mark that appears in this place the other two churches were destroyed this building is inspired by the church of saint apostoli in constantinople the church is studded from the inside with mosaics and gold which depict passages from the bible it was initially a niche for the doge of venice the palace is located next to the church and is linked by a gate called carta which was made by the engineer and sculptor bartolomeo bono and it is now the exit gate from the palace the main entrance gate is on the side that overlooks the lake in front of the dukah palace are the bells of the basilica of san marco which was built in 1173 as a lighthouse for sailors it was restored in the 15th century by the engineer and sculptor bartolomeo bono the building collapsed completely on the 14th of july 1902 and was completely reconstructed the red marble cabin which is located in verona is the work of the artist chicapo sansovino and there are inscriptions depicting the works of the republic of the lion among the important monuments in venice are the house of industry the church of santa maria de salute the church of santa maria gloriosa de ferrari and the synagogue the city is also famous for its historical cafes dating back to the era ottoman from 1615. starting from 1683 many cafeterias have spread all over the city on december 29 1720 the famous cafe florian which is still in operation was opened in piazza san marco the islands of murano burano and torchello are important tourist destinations in the lagoon area the island of lido is a summer resort and home to the celebration of the venice film festival bridges venice has more than 400 bridges between public and private bridges linking the 118 islands built on them to the city through 176 aqueducts most of these bridges are built of stone and other materials such as wood and iron the longest of these bridges is the liberty bridge which crosses the lake and connects the city to the land area and thus allows vehicular traffic the beginning of the project for this bridge was in 1931 by the engineer eugenio miyazi while it was completed in 1931. it opened in 1933 as the lotterio bridge the main channel that crosses the city is the great canal through four bridges the oldest bridge is the rialto bridge constructed approximately in the 16th century the academy bridge and the scale bridge 2008 by the engineer santigo calatravista another symbol of the city is the rialto bridge which was built by antonio de ponte in 1591.
the only way to cross the grand canal was on foot actually this shadow the only bridge until 1854 when the academy bridge was erected joined by the scalisi bridge and the costa rizona bridge on either side are the luxury boutiques and at the end of the bridge in the hexagonal district of san marco are the picturesque fish shops and the basilica of san giacomo di rialto one of these famous bridges is the bridge of size made of stones in the 17th century by the engineer antonio conten this bridge connects the dukah palace to the new prisons population in 1871 the population reached 164 965 people and the number increased to 261 362 in 2011. this graph shows the evolution of the population growth of venice ethnicities and foreign minorities the number of foreigners in the city is 29 281 000 or more than 10 percent of the city's population the following are the largest of these communities one bangladesh 4742 maldives 565 3 romania 3.3154 ukraine 2240 china 2163-6 albania 1455 7 macedonia 1498 philippines 1212-595-9 serbia 595-10 sri lanka 590 languages and dialects in the city of venice the italian language is spoken which is the language understood and used by almost all the inhabitants of the city some different dialects are also spoken in the region due to the geographical nature of the region where the city is divided into a historical center an estuary and a land it can be said that the dialect of venice is spoken in all over the city but some clear differences can be observed between one island and another especially the island of palestrina where there is still some of the terms for the city of kyoto italian kyoto a city located in the southern part of the veneto region in the province of venice on the adriatic coast its economy depends mainly on fishing and the production of its own quality of dandelion and on tourism with a population of about nasma in the interior more than one dialect is spoken similar to the dialect of the urban population but influenced by the dialects of nearby regions such as padua and treviso it is clear that this differentiation difference is not so clear at least not as it was some time ago the venetian dialect is also evident in the wilderness due to the relocation of the population from the historical center of the surrounding villages and we often find hybrid dialects among the speakers the nature of life if mass tourism has brought a lot of economic benefit to the city the same cannot be said about the nature of life in the rest of the historical center when entering it we clearly see grocery stores and small craft activities dedicated to gift shops and other industrial activities directed to tourists and students the problem of high local costs has led to a lack of demand for these industries and logistical difficulties have led to the transfer of some services to the land area such as services nurseries kindergartens post offices etc even hospitals are weak in this city the lack of housing units and the rise in rental prices contribute to the gradual migration of the population if this trend does not change the city will face a kind of mono-specialized cultural tourism education in venice libraries the national library of marchanna is the largest library in the city and one of the largest italian libraries this library is located in piazza san marco and contains about 1 million volumes specializing in ancient philology and history it also contains the finest greek latin and oriental manuscripts in the world it is located in a palace built by the architect chicapo sanfino it was officially founded in 1560 even if in the 14th century the idea came to francesco petrarca to build a library in this city in 1900 deca palace was built next to it due to increasing literary heritage and interpreted books in the 40 year old ferrari monastery there are shelves of the state archives of venice which contains documents from a thousand years that is from the inception of what was called the state of venice until the 20th century the heritage of this library contains a rich collection of skins papers and designs preserved in hundreds of rooms and placed around the monasteries which bear witness not only to the history of the city but to the history of the world with a family who had commercial and diplomatic relations with the city the la fondazione carini stem pilla which is located in piazza santa maria formosa and is located in the carini stampilla palace contains materials of a scientific and natural nature thanks to its nearly 300 000 volumes the library was started in 1868 by giovanni carini stampella who died the following year without legal heirs the engineer carlo scarpa made a strenuous effort to restore it between the years 1961-1963 the jewish community living in the city used to manage the archival library the renato maestro library which is located in the jewish quarter the library was officially established in 1981 and today offers nearly 10 000 titles of ancient jewish books indexed and contains 2500 volumes for the 18th and 19th centuries with regard to urban libraries the venice urban library system includes 19 libraries including three libraries in the historical center for libraries in the islands and 12 in the mainland in 1980 the mestre library was built as a central library and it contains 106 700 000 documents indexed on a total area of 1900 square kilometers schools among the various secondary schools that were built in venice we can mention some historical institutes such as the secondary school a literary section which is the foscarini school which was established in 1807 by decree of eugenio de bohans viceroy of italy and the marco polo school which was founded in 1812. among the secondary schools located in istrian we mentioned raimondo franchetti literary school in addition to them is the naval morrisini school which was founded on october 2nd 1961 and is located on the island of santa elena university's venice is an important location for universities in italy the most famous of these universities is the university of ca foskari which offers graduate courses in economics commerce languages foreign literature philosophy and natural sciences in 1868 the first school was established in italy and the second in europe after the university of amarosa to run the business it took its headquarters from gothico palace which overlooks the great canal to study architecture art design and urban planning there is the university of iowa which was established in 1926 as the second edifice i was educated in italy to teach architecture after the university of rome on the initiative of mr giovanni bordega who is currently president of the venice academy of fine arts the academy of fine arts was established on the 24th of september 1750 at the behest of the city senate as an academy of painting sculpture and architecture its first president was mr gampatista beatsetta among the artists who have studied artie below hayes erie tito alberto vianni carlos scarpa and emilio vedova the main headquarters of the university is now the former incurable hospital which is located on zadar road in 1995 the international university of venice was founded an international research association with other universities being the universidad ludwig maximum to monaco and the autonomous university of barcelona city-related characters there are many people whose name is associated with the city because they were born in this city or because they live there the city witnessed the birth of five popes alessandro 1693-1769 eugenio iv 1383-1447 gregorio 12 1326-1417 and pope paulo 2 1417-1471 appears in literature the name carlo goldoni 1707-1793 who is considered one of the fathers of modern theater and the poets veronica franco 1546-15 marco polo 1254-1324 and pietro bembo 1470-1547 in our era we can mention this writer and novelist tiziano scarpa 1963 and hugh pratt 1926-1995 the author of picture stories it is impossible to mention all the names associated with the city or working in the field of art among the founders of the art of painting in the renaissance we find giovanni bellini circa 14 33-1516 giorgione 1478-1510 lorenzo lotto 1480-1556 tintoretto 1518-1584 one of the last great painters of the movement more recently we find jovan batista tiapolo 1696-1770 and in the field of painting and sculpture we mention alessandro vittorio 1525-1608 and antonio canova 1757-1822 the latter considered the best founders of the neoclassical movement in the field of music in addition to the famous artist antonio vivaldi 1678 to 1741 a composer and violinist we can mention andrea gabrielle 1533-1585 approximate and baldassar gallop 1706-1785 and the composer of contemporary music artist luigi nono 1924-1990 in the field of politics we cannot fail to mention the patriot danielle mainen 1804-1857 in the mathematical sciences luca pacilla 1445 to 1517 and finally in architecture carlos carpa 1906 to 1978 a designer and architect city planning the territory of the city of tunisia is divided into a historical center which is the first nucleus of the city and consists of a group of islands located in the middle of lake venice and the part on the dry part extends over a distance of 130.03 square
kilometers the historic center was always isolated from the mainland which on several occasions had an effective defense system until 1846 when the railroad bridge was completed in 1933 from the freedom bridge which it was open to traffic from my view from the top we find that the main body of the city has the shape of a fish with a tail facing towards the west the historical center of venice in the 11th century was divided into six districts canarigo castello dorstoro santa croce san marco and san paulo from the point of view of the church the city is divided into 70 parishes the neighborhoods are built on 118 islands connected by 354 bridges and divided into 177 between streams and canals we can find in the city many urban environments including the alley under the gate the square the square and the roads connecting to the canal the names of the squares and fields are written on the walls the city's main canals are the great canal and the judica canal tourism the city of venice is the largest italian city in terms of the number of tourists who numbered in 2002 to 29 million 326 000 million tourists for rome the number of tourists is estimated at 19486 000 and in france the number of tourists is nine million fifty four thousand noting that there is an increase in the number of foreign tourists at the expense of italians especially from asian countries from which a high percentage of tourism came in 2006. this flow is constant even if it increases slightly during the carnival and in the months of may and october
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