i think that we can start now my dear colleagues if there are no objections okay good afternoon my name is safikoshvarnatza i will be moderating this wonderful panel forecast 21 developer technologies of the future which technologies will be in most demand in one century of course forecasting the future is a difficult task you can invent many other things but let's think about what we see around us today and how the today will affect tomorrow and here on the panel we have michio kakou the professor of physics co-founder of strength field theory south korea yokai and mystic founder of asia foundation dimitri deputy general director of the all russia state television and radio broadcasting company mitchell barodz for the general director of bayaka good afternoon i would like to start with you mr kakou we see many developments in science uh artificial intelligence biotechnologists robotics media technologies you name it in your opinion what will be the main driver by the year 2100 previously everybody thought that the future would belong to cars but uh it turned out that internet and i t drive for the uh today so what will shape the tomorrow if our ancestors from 1900 could look at us today what would our ancestors think of us they would think of us as wizards sorcerers the ability to have magic mirrors called the internet flying carpets called jet airplanes so that's how our ancestors of 1900 would look at us today now if we could see our descendants in the year 2100 what would we think of them living in 2100 i believe as a physicist and as someone who has interviewed over 300 of the world's top scientists for bbc television the discovery channel and the science channel i believe that our descendants will resemble the gods of mythology greek gods for example venus had a perfect body and was immortal already in medicine we are not just tackling diseases but we are enhancing and perfecting the human body and also isolating the genes which control the aging process we have already isolated about 60 genes which control aging we cannot reverse it yet but i think that by 2100 we may have the ability to have not just biological immortality of some sort but also digital immortality which i'll talk about in a second then we have apollo the god of the sun we will have solar power cheaper than fossil fuel technology of today because of revolutionary developments in batteries and storage and we will also have fusion power already we believe that within 15-20 years we could have the first operating fusion reactor in southern france and so we will have the power of the sun apollo the god of the sun and then zeus was the father of the gods who could simply think think and have things come true that will be the future of brain computer interface for example the internet what will be the future of the internet the internet of the future will be brain net we will send memories feelings emotions sentiments on the internet already in animals we can now send the first memories in mice and now in monkeys on the internet very soon we will be able to send memories to alzheimer's patients to create a brain chip you will push the button and memories come flooding into your hippocampus and so that is the internet of the future when we send emotions feelings thoughts on the internet and this is going to change everything entertainment for example will no longer be based on television or the movies it'll be based on feelings that we can send on the internet for example when silent movies made the transition to talkies that changed entertainment when we had movies that could talk now we will have movies that not only can talk but can also feel and have sensations and then we had mercury the god of speed we will have supersonic transports commercial supersonic transports prototypes available in 2025. nasa has already stated that they want blueprints from lockheed martin and other manufacturers to create a supersonic commercial jet that has no sonic boom the sonic boom is the reason why the concorde was a failure supersonic jets a failure because of the sonic boom we will use supercomputers to solve that problem and then we will also go to mars mars perhaps by 2030 2035 the first astronauts will go to mars and the price of space travel is dropping dramatically you realize that the movie the martian a hit movie the martian with matt damon cost a hundred million dollars but the indians sent a probe to mars for 70 million dollars so a hollywood movie about going to mars cost more than actually going to mars that has revolutionized space travel and so transportation will be revolutionized and then last we had pegasus the flying horse we will have zoos of extinct animals we will be able to bring back animals that have perished that tens of thousands of years ago we now have the genome of the mammoth we also have the genome of the neanderthal so in principle we could bring back the mammoth and the neanderthal this is something that's being actively talked about in the scientific community today and then lastly what's wrong with this picture we realized that the gods of mythology were also very foolish they spent most of their time making tricks on each other and creating problems what we need is wisdom the wisdom of solomon and that is going to be extremely rare in the future but there is hope and the hope is that the internet spreads democracy the more people are educated the more empowered they are and that creates more democracy and democracies rarely war with other democracies think of every war you had to memorize since you were a child every single war they've always been between dictators between kings queens emperors but never between two major democracies and so the hope is as we spread democracy around the world as we spread the internet around the world then wars we will still have them but wars will be diminished in the future and so the hope is that we will also have the wisdom of solomon to go with the power of the gods of mythology i have also heard you say things about challenges and threats of new technologies the threats of drones or new technologies or biotechnologies so this is an irreversible process we already have battle robots but what do you think the technologies of the future will the humanity use them for bad like the nuclear bomb or for good well any technology is a double-edged sword any technology one side of the sword can cut against disease ignorance poverty illness the other side of the sword can cut against people as well and so we have to make sure that we control this powerful technology the three drivers of wealth generation in the near future will be one artificial intelligence two biotechnology and three nanotechnology a combination of these three technologies will generate enormous wealth and prosperity in the future but let's not be naive there's also the problem of nuclear proliferation global warming and the possibility of germ warfare and so these are three technologies that could negatively impact on humanity not to mention that we have to worry about artificial intelligence artificial intelligence i think will become an industry bigger than the automobile industry of today i repeat i think the robotics industry will eventually become bigger than the automobile industry of today because your automobile will become a robot you will talk to your car you will argue with your car your car will park itself and monitor itself your car will become a robot but the danger is that robots at some point could become self-aware that is the tipping point robots today do not know they are robots robots today have no idea that they are robots they may have that awareness by the end of this century at that point they could become dangerous when machines become self-aware but i think that's not going to happen until the end of this century and meanwhile the robotics industry will become bigger than the automobile industry of today another interesting thing is that today we are working we are living in a hyper modern world by uh but we use coal and fossil fuels for heating our homes and we don't have any micro computers uh at the tips of our fingers so i have to charge my iphone every night uh from or from which point there will be a qualitative change in energy production well a hundred years ago thomas edison and henry ford had a contest which technology would dominate the future thomas edison said it would be the battery henry ford said would be gasoline everybody laughed at mr ford they thought the answer is obvious edison will win because who wants to have a gas station on every block gas explodes it creates fires people will die every day if we have gas stations everywhere well we all know who won the bet ford wanted a bet which means that every day somebody dies in a car accident and is burned alive every day we tolerate gas stations on every block because ford was right but in the long term edison may also be right but the problem is storage the battery is the key problem facing solar and wind power how do you have solar power when the sun doesn't shine and wind power when the winds don't blow the bottleneck is storage the battery you see there's no moore's law for the battery we assume that everything doubles every 18 months we assume that we assume that every christmas everything is twice as powerful as it was the previous christmas but that's not true moore's law only works for transistors it does not work for the battery but that's where new inventors are coming in today now for the first time in a hundred years hundreds of inventors are pouring resources into the battery that is the bottleneck that has prevented us from having a solar age and renewable technology in our backyard so the price of solar of batteries has gone down seven percent per year that could eventually open up a new era of energy i also would like to talk about uh what can happen to our society we have an entrepreneur in russia who is like a russian elon musk has a theory that by the year 2100 the society will be divided into two groups the people who are innovators entrepreneurs scientists they will govern all other people these two groups but what's your opinion what the society of the future would look like plato two thousand years ago believe that society would ultimately be controlled by philosophers however we know that philosophers are very bad at controlling power resources answering the needs of a growing population and that's why i don't think that society will be divided along those lines but the key to the future is education we have to educate our people so that we don't split into smaller groups that will eventually war with each other because technology is not going to go backwards technology will only go forwards things will become more complicated in the future and we have to educate our people a primary emphasis on education so that they can meet the challenges of the future for example artificial intelligence the the two groups that are the main losers in artificial intelligence are a repetitive workers b middlemen college educated middlemen for example stockbrokers people can buy stocks on their wristwatch today you don't need a stock broker so why do you go to a stockbroker anyway if you can buy stocks on your wristwatch the answer is you want intellectual capital advice knowledge experience innovation talent foresight that's why you go to a stock broker you want something that robots cannot provide and that is intellectual capital capital of the mind rather than capital of the hands and that's why we have to educate our people so that we don't split apart into the categories that you mentioned specifically thank you so much mr kaku thank you amazing question to dmitry morozov dmitry you are the head of the company which treats diseases with biotechnologies will the diseases build steed there by the year 20 100 2100. people will always suffer from diseases that's just the nature of their body and that that is our burden we have to pass through that the nature tries to isolate the weakest people in the species and once we and if people uh cannot give birth to children other nature doesn't need them any longer and we see that and the examples of the people who like the people who love their weeded out by the nature and we seem to lose in this battle against diseases and the nature will still weed us out especially if we believe uh into darwin says that well the primates have a very short lifespan and we have already depleted our lifespan and we just lived there with your permission i i'll have some questions on this point uh this never-ending struggle with against death this desire to leave forever recently i spoke to a mr churchill a biologist and we discussed the system that allows to change dna that changes dna on its own so you think that people will be able to change the color of their eyes of shape of their head in the future of course plastic surgery originally was aimed to correct some deformities will humans be able to uh change their outward appearance on their own a brief look backwards clearly uh we are a technology driven so like civilization long time ago we took a stick in our hands and threw it at an apple got the apple so arctic our civilization was based on technologies and one um ancestor of ours taught another ancestor how to use a stick what if an ancestor of ours had a telekinetic capacity capabilities and he could uh remove the apple from a tree just by a force of thought if if if that were the case we would probably follow a completely different route of development not technology driven civilization route so all these things which we're doing now is actually preconditioned by our development route and with the help of various technologies we are studying nature and we are treating it respectfully we are trying to apply our technological knowledge uh our knowledge of the nature of things to in order to understand to grasp things which are ungraspable incomprehensible so we are always we're not in alliance not in alliance with nature but we are an outsider observer uh we are observing the nature and we try to uh impact the nature do you you ask the question about changing donate yes we'll be able to change dna but we're uh um fighting a losing battle of course we can come up with all kinds of cartoons scary cartoons for kids showing all kinds of transformations that a human body can undergo i'm talking about the super superheroes etc but we still be using a scientific approach will be a few steps behind the nature we should live in harmony with nature and we should transform ourselves based on other needs although plastic surgery you got the point uh young ladies transform their body to be more attractive to continue their lineage uh and so there is a bi it's as part of their biological activity biological agenda we don't know so we are already a technology-driven civilization we don't know how we're going to interact with nature we know we can affect the nature we can impact the nature but we're very limited now in our capabilities because of the uh roots we chose uh in the time immemorial when the first men threw a stick at the an apple tree so who should be responsible uh for this engagement with nature to ensure that does not result in a catastrophe we can uh you know program kids in in in mother's wombs we can change our appearance probably will reach a point where people live sick for 600 years and that will be old people will will live for hundreds of years well if you live for 600 years you will not be giving birth to people because you will lose interest in that i'm talking about moral ethical capabilities um this is uh people will will grow weary of life if we become so technologically advanced i think human will just become very weary and tired of life and the new generation will come in our place but that would be a normal thing death is a natural extension of life so a death of one civilization will result in the creation of another civilization on the planet earth i don't see anything dramatic about it it's traumatic uh from the standpoint of one single human being but in terms of the human species and the future life of human species as a biological species i don't think it's traumatic nobody told us that we should look the way we look now i think we're going to change if we travel in outer space if we travel to other planets we'll be adapting to other planets environment uh maybe we don't have to go to other planets maybe we just maybe we should travel make space travels in in our astral bodies not in physical form but in the spiritual form okay if we uh throw a look at the medicine because there are many many people that that need medicine they cannot cannot afford those medicines because they don't have we don't have uh vaccines against cancer or aids uh there are uh you know medicine barons or magnates that that jack up medicine prices do you think the development of technologies will overthrow this process but you think that biotechnologies will still be the realm of the rich the stomping ground of the rich well i think the world is an unfair place that that that's the way it was created from day one i don't believe in this universal fairness uh well i still don't believe in that uh so the world is an unfair place it's part of the human nature so the things you're saying uh that's the fact and uh they're yes they're medical barons so to say uh the and uh high-tech uh treatments uh can you know are something the rich people can afford but we can choose the vector of development uh maybe we can focus on our consciousness uh maybe uh instruct our consciousness not to fall sick that often or give an order give an instruction to yourself to to grow another organ for example you know i was once asked a question why lizard can grow a tail and a human cannot grow a tail uh why how come a lizard can instruct itself to grow a tail uh and and we're not we cannot do that uh so we i i guess we can do it but not very fast uh the last question a narrow uh more focused question similar to what i asked mr kako do you think by 2100 what would be uh the the most uh relevant things the most relevant areas dna stem cells i think these things will develop in parallel uh maybe a gene tampering with genes will will come to the forefront maybe cell technologies i i'm certain that we will there will be a time when we have nanobots in our bodies taking care of our bodies but the technological civilization and uh our gaps in our understanding of nature will always be larger than our technological advancements we are comprehending nature through technologies and this actually defines the future course of our development there's nothing else uh naturally we're going to improve techniques methodologies we'll be applying scientific approaches that's the route we're going to move on how we're going to treat cancer in 10 years time we know how how we're going to do that because all modern uh met the the drugs and medicines uh that will be effective in 10 years they already been developed now so maybe what is what is the cancer i mean maybe it's a natural natural it's a natural way to part with life you know we can part with life in different ways we can you know come down with cancer we can be run down by a car all of us will die so maybe it's just one of the ways to to to leave this world to you know thank you dmitry uh of course we're going to ask our fellow panelists on this but i have a question to uh dmitry uh mid last century what were we doing we were sending people to outer space what are we doing now we are you know designing thinner smartphones and tablets you think that technologies in 70 80 years time will still be meeting the needs the urgent needs of the people oh do you think we'll be setting for ourselves some super super objective super goals like gagarin's first trip to space well thank you very much for the question i would like to thank my colleague fellow panelists to the left who described the world of the future through antique uh through through the metaphors of the ancient world the perception of the world through the eyes of the hellenistic theory through the philosophical uh comprehension of this civilization uh that is another example of the fact that the greatest minds who uh among our panelists even the greatest minds uh resort to the uh notions and concepts uh which are two years two hundred two thousand years old so this the world we're living in now actually was created two or three thousand years ago and in our fantasies we cannot step outside these boundaries the investments to be made uh developments to be had uh will first and foremost be based on fantasies so that the subjective world in which we're existing uh the world of physics medicine the world of space and world of uh tablets uh will become broader in order to imagine a person a human being living comfortably in this new world to imagine a person that is more interested in space exploration rather than a brand new tablet or a thinner tablet investments in human capital investments into new ways of perception in transformation of consciousness i think that would be the thrust of technological development in the future for the time being technologies we need them to reduce the amount of time a person spends on this or that physical labor so labor automation the freeing up of human time i think it's it's it's it's more simple than developing humans human beings and my colleague colleagues can speak more about it i think that any modern day computer is a lot more simpler than a human brain a lot it's a lot easier to develop such technol technologies rather than to program and develop software for human brain but i think that using the capabilities of a human brain as its computational computational capabilities and capabilities for fantasy making will be used in the future i agree with you and uh miso is right that whatever's happening to us it was already made up long time ago so we created robots we first thought about robots uh android robots they've become a reality i know people who are uh designing such robots engineering such uh robots and they told me that in 30 50 years from now they'll be performing all functions better than human beings not only you know repetitive functions they will be better at drawing up paintings writing music uh so the things which human beings believed were the the realm of human intelligence or human soul uh no they're saying that roberts will be better all these occupations what would happen to human beings in that case what would be well the most important thing is that to prevent robots from uh making uh wilder fantasies than human beings they will start making wilder fantasies well in that case they will become uh people in you know in japan they have toys or puppets there they become human partners so well but the those toys they don't have imagination well now they don't have imagination but i think by 2100 they will have some imag imaginative powers it will be a completely different dialogue imagine two two toys two puppets with imagination capabilities uh meeting imagine their conversation so i think those will win who can create something you can imagine something new and to you know in answer to my colleague plato i would like to bring up plato's ideas his ada's the uh quantification of ideas so those people will be creating ideas those will be creating robots partners so no matter it's uh whether it's bioengineering or some other uh physics well as creators of robots we think that we will always be controlling will be in control you know because who knows that one day those robots will wake up and say why do we need you people so i think the ones who make who imagine who make them will control them dmitri are you sure that we'll be able to imagine something it's not a fact for me that we are uh we're imagining something i think everything has already been imagined before we're just relaying uh whatever was imagined well let's again substitute the word uh imagining with the word studying others imaginations or imaginary images it would still require investments i'm not talking about financial investments i'm talking about total investment so at some point in time the humanity would reach the the the bifurcation when it would have a chance to come up with something of its own well there's a concept and i think our dear colleagues are aware of that akasha chronicles and uh in those akashic chronicles everything we think we came up with it was already written it was already created so everything we can think of has already been created and i think our technological development paradigm is uh is akin to reading those imaginations and studying them well if robots will will replace humans some people say it will be paradise we'll have tons of spare time we'll be self-improving robots will be doing everything for us well the americans believe that it would lead to degradation of humans because they would lose the site they would lose the targets the objectives for for further improvement well it's a question of whether humans would be able to imagine or create new space for itself what my colleagues were talking about basically the main idea is whether new ideas that would create new ideas uh dmitry was talking about 600 years and if somebody lives for 600 years people would have to come up with something for 500 years because they will become tired now with people live for 75 years imagine they would need to fill their you know 500 years more so six times you know six times more ideas six times more content for life the more time we have on our hands a person who works at a plant 16 hours you know as was at the end of 19th century 16 hours a day you know had one hour uh for of his personal time the modern day man has you know works for eight hours so it has more time more personal time uh so we're talking about life in perceptions life uh felt so these abilities have increased twofold now we know people who uh are having uh you know very varied life and they're not engaged in mechanical labor they're not degrading and that gives them twice as much time compared to those people who spend eight hours every day doing some mechanical things so and they're spending more time to make their lives more interesting and to live to make lives of people around more interesting i think that's the for the first time humanity finds itself in a situation when it has a lot of spare time and we can people can compete for their spare time and now people can come up with all different ideas on how to fill up that spare time those people who can succeed in doing that they will will will will pass this route uh physically chemically um and other people who are not in the position to do that who fail to do that they will end up selling flipping burgers for the rest of their lives uh thank you dmitry i'm going to ask uh what's going to happen to tv but mr caco has uh uh has a statement or really quick really quick i think that the tipping point as to when robots become dangerous is when they have self-awareness perhaps by the end of the century right now our most advanced robots have the intelligence of a cockroach a [ __ ] cockroach a lobotomized [ __ ] cockroach but eventually our robots will become as smart as a mouse then as smart as a rat then a rabbit then a dog and a cat and by the end of the century perhaps as smart as a monkey at that point they are potentially dangerous monkeys know they are monkeys monkeys know they are not human now dogs are confused dogs don't know that we are not a dog dogs think that we are a dog and therefore they obey us we're the top dog they're the underdog so i think at that point a hundred years from now at the end of the century we should put a chip in their brain to shut them off if they have murder response that is a fail-safe mechanism but that's only temporary because then what happens when robots become so smart they remove the fail-safe system that is also possible in the next century the 22nd century at that point i think we should merge with them i don't think this will happen in this century but i think in the next century we should merge with our creation why not become homo superior why not use exoskeletons which are now being created to become hercules that is the power of the gods so in other words one option instead of fighting off the robots in the next century is to merge with them to become super human well we have a choice whether to fight or to merge with them i personally think we will have a choice because there's plenty of time we realize that this is not going to happen anytime soon our robots are as smart as bugs right now and we have many decades before we have to worry about this if you put our most if you put a bug in the forest a bug immediately knows where to find food how to hide how to find mates how to find shelter a bug can do this you put our most advanced robots in the forest and what do they do they get lost they fall over that's how primitive we are with robots so we have many decades to plan for the time when robots become self-aware and beyond that whether or not we should merge with them now some people think that the idea of merging with robots is repulsive because it means that we're going to be a brain inside a vat of liquid no i don't think so i think that we will want to preserve our basic shape we'll want to preserve who we are but we'll have in addition to that exoskeletons giving us super memory and superpowers when we feel like but we will look pretty much the same as we do now correct me if i'm wrong but uh so if we decide not to merge with robots i want to ask you the same question as to dmitry will robots develop themselves and their intellect will develop and at one point they will sell we no longer need you human beings well there is something called the singularity the point in which robots can create robots of higher intelligence we are far from the singularity today but one day it could happen that robots will have babies and these babies are smarter than the parents and this process can rise exponentially fast so rather than fight this i think we should begin the process of perhaps merging with this technology and enhancing ourselves rather than fighting off what could be inevitable now this is not going to happen i don't think in this century but i think our descendants our descendants will have the democratic debate as to how far to merge with our technologies or become extinct especially thank you so much sakura all the hopes are with you we're talking about technological breakthroughs which at some point maybe not today not tomorrow will happen but we are already moving very fast previously technology breakthroughs would happen every generation but now they happen every day first of all can a human a human brain cope with such a speed of changes or people would just go crazy with that good afternoon everyone there are two dimensions to this which i think we're not differentiating yeah one is intellect another is intelligence intellect can only function when there is an accumulated memory why a child in the village looks a little dumb compared to a city slick boy is simply because he has more memory and information but if you live them and leave them in real life situations the rural boy may come out much smarter where a certain intelligence is needed where information is not needed so essentially human intellect functions from memory and everything that we are considering or labeling as technology is essentially memory based our imagination is memory based memory means recorded past something that we already know how we can extrapolate into a different format essentially the same thing finding expressions in permutations in combinations but nothing new happening nothing new can happen from that it looks new because it's a new presentation it's a new format well in terms of day-to-day life it's absolutely new of course so technologically whatever we do will lead us to a space where well right now human societies have invested heavily this i must uh blame it on the european default because pre-renascence when these societies were hugely restricted by dogmatic religious belief systems when a few people broke through that is they decided to think for themselves they refused to go by the book or the clergy and they wanted to think for themselves and when they thought for themselves the amount of freedom that it gave them they thought this is liberation because of this from worshiping god to worshiping human thought became the mode since then we call this scientific development but essentially human beings have started worshiping their own thought what i think is more important than my very existence because of this every capability that we get we have been using it against ourselves and every other life simply because our thought is again a manifestation of the memory that we carry if you allow me a few minutes we in the eastern cultures in yogic culture we look at human mind as 16 parts these 16 parts can be categorized as four basic segments it's called buddhi i'm using the indian terminology i'll come to english what this means is buddhi means the intellect intellect if we have to use an analogy it is a knife all of you i'm sure you would prefer to have a sharp intellect rather than a donald one yes hello you must choose i'm going to bless you sharp intellectual dull one sharp so essentially it is a cutting instrument so we have a knife in our hand which gave us a certain access to knowledge because we could dissect whatever we want this is the nature of human intellect whatever it is is given to it it will dissect and look at it everything is dissected including human nature but by dissection you will know certain things if i dissect you i will know where your heart is located where your liver kidney and spleen is located and what's its condition but i will not know you by any sense when i say you i am not talking about your thoughts your emotions your ideologies that also can be known by dissection we call this psychoanalysis that's also dissection but you will not know the nature of this life by dissection there is no way to know that so you're using a knife to stitch you will leave life in tatters so knife is useful for cutting so this knife of intellect is a powerful instrument of survival not an instrument to know something be that is beyond your present level of perception by dissection you know certain things but it is not beyond your present dimension of perception because this knife is useless without the bank of memory that you already have what connects you to this bank of memory which we call as manas which is a silo of memory is a dimension called ahamkara which literally means identity this is where misuse of technology is happening because of our identities the moment you identify yourself with something your intellect will ceaselessly work towards protecting that identity either with our species or with our gender or with our nationality or race religion cost creed 1000 other ways whatever is the nature of your identity that is how your intellect will function that is one care we have not taken in our education systems in raising of our children what is the identity because we need small identities to fight other people we have been engaged with this forever anyway living that aside the menace is a silo of memory this one thing i will subdivide for your understanding we identify eight different types of memories in the manners this is called elemental memory atomic memory evolutionary memory karmic memory articulate memory inarticulate memory and uh conscious and unconscious levels of memory when i say memory we're not thinking about just what's in your head right now there is more memory in every dna that you carry or every cell in your body then your entire brain can carry because you may not remember how ten generations ago your great great great grandfather look like but his nose is sitting on your face right now your body remembers your body remembers a million years ago how your forefathers looked even the skin tone it is not forgotten so the amount of memory that the body carries is phenomenal memory is not just that dimension of memory that you can consciously access there is memory memory is the thing which decides who you are right now it is from this context you are talking about robos becoming just like you because you understand after all if you build substantial memory they'll just become like you and me those of you who are thinking of a robotic partner in your life a robotic wife or husband it's a good idea because all the time the complaint in this relationship is your partner is not the way you want them to be so you can manufacture them the way you want you want them mild when you want them mild you want them wild when you want them wild you want them to be turned off and you want them to be turned off this is a great idea yes and it may become a reality if not very soon in some time mr kaku is more qualified to make the prediction as to when so essentially anything that you can build from memory can be built anything that can be built by storage of memory and access to memory and analysis of this memory and expression of this memory everything that you're doing through your intellect and thinking that is you can be done by a machine at some point i'm i'm not the expert to predict when but definitely it can be done there's no question about that but there's another dimension of intelligence within the human being which we refer to as chitta what chitta means is this is a dimension of intelligence where there is where it there is not an iota of memory it is unsullied by memory what this means is see memory is what has made you everything that you are you have a human form this is evolutionary memory you have variety of other memories that's what makes you a certain kind of person and so many other things that you are your professions your capabilities your knowledge everything is because of memory but memory is also a defining boundary the moment you identify with your memory you say oh this is my friend this one i do not know this is a person i like this is a person i don't like this is all memory memory fix fixes a definition and a defined boundary to your life what is me and what is you is just a question of memory that i know this is me and this is you but there is a dimension of intelligence which we call as jitter or in modern terminology loosely it can be called as consciousness not being conscious as you and me are this is wakefulness this is not consciousness so this dimension of intelligence has no memory in it where there is no memory there are no boundaries to it you will not do that with a robot do what you want because everything that can be done by memory will be done right now 90 or more of humanity lives by their intellect and their physic physiological and intellectual capabilities these things can be built at some point and make them look very real so once machines start doing this it is inevitable it is inevitable for you to explore the deeper dimensions of who you are right now this has happened in a significant way in let's say 100 years ago if you want to be strong if you want to be successful we thought the best thing was to build maybe 500 years ago let us say if you want to be a big man in the place in your town you had to have big muscles whoever had the big muscles was a big man strong man there but now if you have big muscles we will give you a menial job we don't recognize you one reason why women have an equal space or reasonably equal space on the planet today is because of technology because the power of the muscle has been neutralized how much brain power do you have how much intellectual power you have is deciding things right now but if intellectual power is again as muscle power was taken by the machines if intellectual power is taken by the machines naturally human beings will dig deeper into their consciousness a machine cannot dig deeper but everything that you can do a machine can do in future and that will be a great day because that means we are on a holiday we don't work for a living now we look at life in a completely different way which will be very very significant in fact for the first time we will become human beings we must understand why we are called human beings that means we are the only creatures on the planet who know how to be as you are saying a bug knows how to survive better than you without a social atmosphere many of you will not know how to survive a bug knows how to survive far better than you better equipped than you because he's just focused on his survival but a bug will not know how to be conscious you can definitely build a bug it's a it's very interesting that today in the computer technologies we are using these words that's a bug it's a virus definitely the dangers of this are also there as the dangers of machines are there even today for example the automobiles are killing more people than wars every year year after year they're killing but we've accepted that as collateral damage it's part of the thing we're traveling faster so some people will die we have come to terms with that so similarly maybe we'll have nano soldiers soldiers who won't be human beings going and fighting we sit here and let loose on other people at one phase it will happen these things will be terrible but even now it's terrible you can just press the switch here and destroy a whole city somewhere else it is quite terrible even now so before such capabilities come or as they are coming there is no such thing as before and after as these capabilities are coming we must also strive to upgrade the human being to move beyond the limitations of their intellect intellect and come to a deeper dimension of intelligence which is life itself the very source of life itself within us how how can this be done as practice shows and we're talking about technologies of the future no technology no technological breakthroughs no technological evolution uh is changing uh human nature iphone latest iphones will never change the fact that people you know have been killing each other over a piece of land they're still doing the same they're killing each other over a piece of land how can we ensure that how can we resolve this issue because technological improvements are not improving human beings uh maybe because the the memory ancestral memory uh is so strong in us that we still remember how our ancestors were fighting over a piece of bread maybe we'll continue doing the same because of the memory we have say uh the thing is if anything needs to happen a certain amount of human energy time and resource has to be dedicated to it for example somebody was telling me in 1860 when certain survey was done in united states some kind of observation probably studying dead bodies and stuff like that the skeletal systems and things they said in 1860 nearly 60 percent of the people would start losing their teeth at the age of 40. and in 1860 nearly 90 97 of united states was illiterate but today people have their teeth intact even if they are 90. and today 100 is literate how does this happen simply because we invested in what is called as school rooms and teachers and toothbrushes and mothers we invested if we did not invest even today we would be losing our teeth even today we would be illiterate so we have to invest in consciousness till now we've been investing only in our survival but once the technologies that they're talking about starts becoming a reality which is already becoming survival will not even be an issue when survival is not an issue we will definitely start investing but the sooner we invest with less aberration we can move into these new possibilities as dr kaku said it's always a double-edged sword which way are you going to use it depends on who you are isn't it so whether your identity and your experience is very exclusive or your identity and experience is very inclusive this will determine which shape and in which way the sword will swing thank you so much we still have some some time left for the questions from the audience do you does anybody have any questions members of the audience no questions from the audience no there is one for your really fruitful visions share it with us my name is konstantin sonkin i am ceo of startup and research in the field of neuroscience and my question is to mitchell dr kaku please you shared with us your long-term vision about neuro communication and brain computer interfaces but may i ask you about like short-term goals for us for developers what to what to develop first of all to contribute to daily life of a large population of consumers to increase the level of life of humanity thank you you ask a question what are short-term goals in terms of brain computer interface well first of all the in the united states the driving force behind this technology is the pentagon the pentagon has given 150 million dollars to create exoskeletons to bypass the injured spinal cord of soldiers wounded in afghanistan and iraq so that the human brain directly communicates with an artificial hand an artificial leg and can walk and if you saw the world cup soccer games two years ago in san paulo brazil the man who kicked the football initiating the san paulo games was totally paralyzed he was a quadriplegic he could not walk but at duke university in north carolina they put a chip in his brain to hook him up to an exoskeleton and he kicked the football so the immediate gains is to for people who are injured injured in football accidents car accidents injuries of the spinal cord injuries in warfare to create an artificial body controlled directly by the human brain now my colleague stephen hawking the physicist who died recently lost control of his fingers and vocal cords but he could still communicate and how because his brain communicated with a chip a radio in his glasses that ship picked up radio from his brain converted it to electricity to a laptop computer and stephen was able to think and write so by thinking he was able to write books and communicate with the outside world so here's an immediate benefit for people who are paralyzed their spinal cord is no longer functioning they are disconnected from the world and this will also make possible a brain chip for alzheimer's patients because we can now upload simple memories in mice and also in monkeys simple memories can now be put on the internet this means that we want to create a brain pacemaker for alzheimer's patients so that memories can come flooding into their brain and the pentagon again recently gave 50 million dollars to create a memory chip a memory chip for soldiers but also for alzheimer's patients and so here we have an immediate market for people who are afflicted with injuries spinal cord injuries as well as the aging process to allow them to bypass the spinal cord to access memories that they've lost and here is a a market a market for companies that can utilize this to make money to create products to alleviate human suffering thank you so much i have a question uh to satoru i'm very much interested in your point of view do you think a man can change his destiny in this life by taking certain steps or do you think his all his steps whatever he does in his life uh are related to other lives that would follow and his transformations in other words can a person or should a person try to change his destiny now or his destiny is preset and whatever he does in this life will only affect his future lives what uh generally people are calling as destiny is uh what they largely create unconsciously whatever we do unconsciously we can also do it consciously if you can move your hand unconsciously you can also move it consciously so similarly if you're creating your life unconsciously you can also create it consciously if you create something consciously of course you would make it the way you want it so destiny means are largely unconscious accumulations taking shape and taking their own tendencies and leading you on you can make a conscious destiny when you fail to make a conscious destiny then generally it gets referred to as fate fixed destiny but is your destiny fixed definitely not otherwise why all this effort if everything is fixed why you and me should live we could die at our birth and just fine isn't it it's definitely in your hands whether you take it in your hands or not is always the question it's an individual question abdul entrepreneur i have a question to distinguish that my question is as follows uh when you said that uh we need to invest in as much into consciousness as much as in technology so that consciousness becomes an island where humanity can preserve itself uh in the light of the development of robots that's an island where we can still feel uh like human beings so my question is uh today there are lots of lots of infrastructures to invest into technologies there are startups there are investment funds numerous scientists that are developing different solutions how can we address the issue of investing into consciousness or self-consciousness uh what needs to be done what infrastructure is there in place what solutions are there to uh to do that thank you i would i would like to correct the question a little bit before i address the question you use the analogy of an island no i want you to understand human intellect is an island all products of human intellect are small islands including technology consciousness is the ocean in which we are existing what consciousness means is an intelligence not identified with any memory that means not identified with any boundary of you and me and this and that see you must understand this on this planet let's think of planet but even the planet can be thought further in this space suddenly systems have happened stars have happened planets have happened in the planet life has happened all of it fundamentally from an intelligence beyond this material that you're seeing as creation all of it emerging from almost nothingness it is in a way nothingness but you must understand the word nothing by putting a hyphen between no one thing it's not a thing because it is not a memory block a memory block is a thing because it comes with a boundary once there is a defined boundary it becomes physical existence this is a dimension of intelligence which has no boundaries so that is the ocean you're mistaking the island for a ocean and an ocean for an island so what do we have to do for it to manifest in human society is large scale in every generation of people there have been very conscious beings but in some generations and in some societies they have been heard in other societies they have been ignored the other noise has been much bigger so it is time we make that voice which refers to a dimensionless a boundary-less consciousness heard and methodologies as to how to become conscious as there are technologies to create well-being in our surroundings there is a science and technology to do the same within us so this is not today's thing this has always been there it's as old as humanity but in some generations it is heard loudly in some generations it sings and accordingly human well-being rises and sinks any amount of technology if you don't know how to be you still are not well see look at our own state right now as a generation of people we know more comfort and convenience than any generation ever knew in the history of humanity our life is far more comfortable no generation ever knew these kind of comforts and conveniences but can you claim you are the most joyful and fantastic generation ever no people are becoming neurotic i am not saying we're worse than other generations but we are not significantly better for the amount of toll we have taken on every other life to have what we want to have so your technologies will bring comfort and convenience will not bring well-being it's time to focus on that because already we are at a place where technology is going through the ceiling we are not a matching up it is like right now your well-being is still determined by what's around you not what's within you so this doesn't mean love a neighbor be like this go be a good person be a noble person this is not about that your body and your brain should take instructions from you if your body and your brain take instructions from you would you keep yourself healthy and blissful every moment of your life i'm asking you if you had a choice definitely you would so obviously your body and your brain is not taking instructions from you this means you're not conscious enough so we have to invest in the direction one thing is if you walk through the city i'm sure there are hospitals there are schools there are toilets and there is everything but do you have a place where there is a place for people to meditate there is no such thing eastern societies invested heavily in the past in that direction but today they are also emulating the west and trying to compete with them losing out on this but the need for inner well-being will become very strong in the next 20 25 years when technology starts doing most of the things that you're doing and you don't know why you exist then the need for well-being becomes super strong so if we want to be ready for that day it's very important that we invest both physical infrastructure and human infrastructure which focuses on the innermost core of who we are let me ask you a question for quite a while i used to think that technological and communication progress leads to a total solitude over human yes people can connect via face time but they become more and more isolated from each other and inward focused somebody has mentioned those dolls but and fantasy about what to do with their skills but the problem is that people may no longer need each other once the technology when the technologies develop will it happen what do you think a hundred years ago when the telephone was first coming in there were many articles denouncing the telephone the telephone they said was impersonal we will spend too much time talking to this mechanical voice in the air rather than talking to our children and talking to our loved ones and so they said the telephone is evil well the critics were right we spend too much time on the telephone we don't talk to our children enough but the telephone we love it we love the telephone because it expanded our horizon from 20 people to 2 000 people and now mothers come up to me and say their children spend too much time on the internet what should they do well personally i think that a new etiquette is being created for children if you are a child and you're not on the internet then you don't exist a new social etiquette is being created so i tell mothers that it's a good thing if their child is on the internet otherwise they'll be an outcast but they have to be socialized and that's the key to the whole puzzle we want to make sure that our people are socialized that they interact with real people in real time make friends make alliances and engage in social discourse so that they can function on several levels on one level they can function in cyberspace because a new social etiquette is being created and on the other hand they can interact with people socially in in terms of understanding pecking order etiquette politeness deference to our elders how to make friends how to make coalitions all these things are very complicated and we have to make sure that our children understand that as well and so the internet does not have to be an isolated island divorce from the rest of society if anything it'll expand your horizon from two thousand people to two billion people and so i think that we have to make sure that our children are socialized and take advantage of the internet because the internet as i mentioned before promotes democracy and as i concluded before democracies rarely war against other democracies so when your child plays video games with somebody from norway mexico or afghanistan that is a good thing because in the future they may not want to war with people from these other countries because they are their best friends so what i'm trying to say is a new social etiquette is being created we have to make sure that we don't hide in it but on the other hand we have to use it because that's where jobs opportunity and new friends are going to be created especially can i just say one thing of course i think this fear about technology is just fear about the unknown for most human beings everything that that is new that comes in of course there will be a certain challenge of exerting ourselves to understand what it is it will definitely not create solitude uh the problem should be more of there will be no room for solitude that will be the question because we'll be too much connected people wake up in the morning and the first thing they see is their cell phone what are the messages they have it's fine because the gadget is new i think the next generation will learn how to handle the cell phone far better than the way we are handling it because there's a new gadget we're a little excited about it i'm sure people will come to terms with us okay last question from the floor a very simple question i want to ask both kakosan and sakura we are now in a situation of unprecedented uncertainty uncertainty the god has rolled the dice and we know that uh the memories which we have discussed that uh electricity electricity generates waves and makes the heart beat and when the heart no longer beats a person is that and memory is also an archive of memories experiences so what should we do forget everything because the system is glitching yeah so we have to reboot it can i ask you for a very short answer please you mentioned that we have constant uncertainty but i personally think that's a good thing it's a good thing because new jobs new exciting occupations new challenges for humanities being created now i'm generally an optimist why because i think the smallest unit of history is the decade anything smaller than a decade you get random noise and therefore when we look at the random noise it looks frightening every day a new emergency a new crisis but when you look at history decade by decade then you begin to realize the enormous progress and that came through to me every time i talk to my parents and my grandparents think of the world that our grandparents lived in where speed travel was getting stuck in the mud when it rained long distance communication was yelling out the window and a good long life meant that you live to be 45 years of age that's what the way it was for our grandparents so i tend to be optimistic when you look at decade by decade you realize that all the uncertainties you talk about are fluctuations within the decade have been rolled but whether to forget or to remember everything well it's difficult to sing a very short answer please your last comment say we are complaining about too many possibilities you must understand in the past uncertainty meant whether you live tomorrow or not today your life is largely assured uncertainty is only in terms of possibilities and new happenings you must celebrate this not worry about it because in the past it was always about war it's about punishment somebody's going to hang you somebody's going to kill you it's no more like that there is a proper process for all those things by accident nobody can simply kill you or hang you or do things to you now it is only about possibilities uncertainty of possibility is a fantastic situation we shouldn't even ever complain about it especially just two words and we'll be closing this session well that's a very philosophic question you know somebody asked me about what the media would look like in 80 years from now i thought about that and i think that it will be something like selecting your role emotional behavior model at any point in time the one that you like backs best okay thank you so much i want to thank all our speakers the session is now closed you
2021-01-28