Panel Discussion 1 Technology in Focus

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so good afternoon everybody uh I'm  Dr shellyendra Singh uh anybody from   Indian Institute of Management  Lucknow here if you can raise hand   any of my alumni peer IIT Delhi no  okay anybody from kendriya vidyalaya so I am one amongst you and you know one of our  peer group one of our peer group annab goswami   is also a caveat and uh you know I will be the  end of goswami of this session and I will ask   all the tough questions to them the only thing is  I will speak less so I will not emulate completely   enough but of course the questions are coming  your way and I'm sure you know they will have   some good time and some tough time also because I  am representing representing each one of you here   and will also represent the industry here how  the application is going to be done what are the   expectations from the industry side and what we  expect each of the technology Partners to deliver   in terms of the technology Focus specially in  terms of the new age Technologies like artificial   intelligence machine learning we will also cover  the application of arvr the the digital mapping of   the whole infrastructure the remote applications  and control the new age scada Technologies   and I would also like to cover a part of  3D printing additive Manufacturing in my   questions besides of course the cyber security  and we will keep the session absolutely practical   industry oriented and example focused  so we will keep some rules for the game   the rules will be I will come to each one of  you asking one question and the next question   will be picked up from your answer itself so  so let us see how the how the session goes   and it depends on you how you answer and the next  question is going to be the tougher one because we   will go a deep inside into what you are going to  answer so uh are we ready especially the KV guys   okay so we have we have I think uh 35 minutes  now available with us how much time I would   like to close exactly on time somebody would  like to clarify how much time do we have   30 minutes so so we will close in next 30 minutes   absolutely uh this is 12 13 and we  should close by uh 43 or at Max 45. so my first question um I I would ask Mr  govil so music can you share an example of   application of additive Manufacturing in Industry  any practical example you would like to share   and I would be really happy to know if there  were any failures and what were the learnings   I think I'm audible yeah so we've  done some Pilots so to say but uh as   a mainstream in the mainstream production  lines we haven't tried it yet but what I   want to clearly highlight is what we've uh  the area which was focused by our team was   that for certain equipments which  are uh you know High capex intensive   pairs availability becomes an issue because  sometimes you would find the oems they go   out of business or they may choose some other or  introduce some new new products because of which   option because of which you face obsolescence in  those equipments and insert in such situations   you know you figure out that spares availability  uh is is a it becomes very critical and because   of which there is a situation wherein you  will have to let go of the machine itself   and because of the capex involvement no we all as  manufacturers as Indian owners no we want to sweat   the assets we want to extract maximum from from  the existing installations so we've we worked on   uh these scenarios wherein no uh how do we make  maybe it could be O-rings it could be small a set   of spares which could be which could potentially  replace the OEM spares which were not available   so to say so that was one use case second is no  I also want to you know highlight on in terms of   use of these Technologies you know you you spoke  about artificial intelligence I'll just take a   30 second block that no till so far no we always  thought artificial intelligence is something which   is in from the Star Trek era but come November 22  no starting November 22 everybody and everybody   no uh inside Enterprises and outside they have  started realizing that no this can do much more   actually and this is being talked about and  I was just reading an article some time back   that in the history of humanity this is chat  GPT and the likes has become the highest uh   has attracted highest attention ever since you  know we've started talking about technology yeah   so thank you so Sharad I will come to you now uh  would you like to share an example of application   of blockchain Technologies uh in in manufacturing  and any use case you would like to share and any   bottlenecks you face challenges you faced and how  you how you came across those all right thank you um in terms of specifically blockchain as you  know Hitachi has versatile different segments   typically when we select any particular technology  we take it at three levels one how it is solving   the business objective number one number two  within that business objective which functions   are contributing and what is the bottleneck uh  and and that's how we derive a list of Technology   first of all then as you can uh appreciate that  having a limited number of resources we cannot   uh Train everybody on everything that that is  when it comes to prioritize when we analyze   that these are different business for example  rail lifts energy um infra and we create a   common list of Technology uh because we have to  train them and we want it to be a longer medium   and long term not a short term so we cannot spit  ourselves across different technology so uh that's   that's the process of selection of the right  technology when it comes to blockchain uh what   comes to my mind there are two applications one  especially related to our infrastructure business   wherein we are using it for smart contracts  because they are asset heavy industry uh that   is one second we are working uh with the help  of Sil R D team which has some 100 plus AI   um AI experts which we have developed in  last three and a half years we are building   a digital uh circular economy platform uh  because the the whole world and Industry   is struggling to maintain the information about  the carbon emission and exchange of you know you   know carbon credits and all we feel that this is  going to be a big struggle going forward even if   a company is planning to adopt circular economy  they do not have the right systems in place so   um with the help of our America team and India  team we are building a digital circular economy   platform which will soon be open for a common  industry uh starting from three verticals very   soon you will be seeing us launching that these  are the two two you know immediate use cases   so very very interesting example related to  contracts so I think each one of us we face   this challenge in terms of the contracts and how  it needs to be executed sometimes the contracts   will expire and the team wouldn't even come  to know they will come at the last week for   Renewal or contracts like this there are major  issues and then both sides face challenges so   ah would you like to share in an example uh share  the challenges you faced in this particular aspect   and how are you able to bring along the various  stakeholders especially the various contract uh   ah the agencies involved into this on the  same platform for the blockchain project I think the operational issues which we faced  in the beginning I mean I think 50 60 of that   is resolved is the data quality issues uh  it especially it comes when there are some   Partners which are not um technologically matured  enough to communicate so for example you must   have seen the some of the regulations coming  you know every now and then in terms of what   we can really import versus what we cannot and in  fact recently also government if India has listed   um you know a few items or even if non-critical  some even some fasteners for example in our rail   manufacturing when we work on Rolling Stock and  signaling especially for Rolling Stock when it   is a moving part then even a Fastener which  is applied on a you know critical juncture   is is very important so there are some  regulations coming from government and we   have to have alternate sources for those  critical components so we sometimes we have   to go for leaving large suppliers I'll also go  for small suppliers when they do not have the   technology maturity it becomes a problem  so these are the problem initial you know   hiccups which we Face to establish such kind of  contracts so especially now end up coming back so   especially when you talk about the Rolling  Stock how did you handle the rdso Lucknow   that's very particular question maybe we can take  it offline okay good so uh himanshu I will come   to you now so himanshu would you like to share an  example of AR and VR in manufacturing setup and   an example where you would like to share how it  was applied what went well and what did not work   okay I can give you an example of our industry  uh like most of you know that we build machines   and equipments so we use VR and AR both in the  process in pre-manufacturing stage so what and   why we started doing this is virtual reality  I'll explain first because when my designers   the mechanical designers design a machine  they design in a 3D environment using the   soil cattier delmia Autodesk whatever and but when  they present to my customers it is a 2d PowerPoint   now that for me is a step down you design  in 3D and you present in 2D first second   issue is the designer is going to show to a  customer what he or she feels is important now think of the customer he is at least  interested in the thickness of the glass   he wants to know what is the height of the  table and now if I and you know most of us   here we ask everyone over here please tell us  in millimeters what is the height of this table   there is going to be a variation  somebody might say Char sauce everyone has a perspective of the height does it  really matter that we Define a millimeter number   or we want the end user to come and experience in  virtual reality what is the actual useful height   so what we do is we now take the 3D design machine  line into virtual reality call the operator who is   going to work on that table and tell him how is it  that you feel about this height is it accessible   to you is something that you would like to see in  your future workspace missing in this these are   the examples which we have got phenomenal feedback  from the end user that's the operator using it the   second category comes now the user of the table  is least interest if you think of a machine he is   least interested in how the maintenance is going  to be done here's the user so now next instead of   now my designer thinking of what is important for  maintenance I get my customers maintenance team   to analyze the machine in virtual reality can he  for example access the motor the bearing and is he   able to do the maintenance before the machine is  manufactured in virtual world now hold on so many   times I see industry people talking about that you  have taught us to handle this machine in virtual   reality but I don't know how to open it up with my  own hand so how to handle that there is dynamic VR   you can actually dismantle the whole machine in  virtual reality the only thing you don't get is a   feedback of the force but actually you can pick up  a spanner a calendar and dismantle the machine in   virtual reality take the motor out the weight and  the force is something which you will never get   I as of now at least technology I don't know if  has gone where you can wear probably some gloves   and simulate the weight but at this point we can  dismantle the whole machine in virtual reality   we can build the machine we can build a component  analyze cycle time ergonomic issues in fact even   to an extent I can now tell if I work on this  machine in virtual world for four hours I can   simulate that in four minutes I can tell you okay  in four hours I would have this much fatigue so   even fatigue analysis is done in virtual reality  so this means this brings me to my next question   this means that it is possible for many small  scale industry who are scattered all across the   country to get their machines repaired in using  AR and VR in real time basis is it possible or not   or if it is possible if it is not possible today  what do you think would be the time line in coming   years by when it may become possible so machine  maintenance using AR is already there the only   limiting factor is our Network in places where you  are remote you might not have Network to access   expert to who will guide you on augmented reality  how to do a machine maintenance if you don't have   Network you are stuck so if you have Network  already augmented reality is solving problems   and I am might our team is connecting from Denmark  to guys in Thailand in Indonesia in India as well   in Chennai coimbatore and telling the guys just  come on with our AR app on your smartphone show us   the problem and we are able to pinpoint and guide  them using AR or what we call as mixed reality so   we are able to superimpose a e-plan on the actual  control panel and tell him this section over here   through our phone when you see is a problem please  replace this so that's already in my opinion in   existing and it's been in use okay so I will come  to himanshu with a follow-up question on this   so ah you know taking queue forward  for from what Rajesh was saying   uh himanshu you know I met uh sorry sorry  Rajesh so Rajesh you know I met the founder   of full dot uh CEO lately about a week back  and what they do is they recycle the flower   ways from the various temples it's IIT kanpur  startup and a few years old now and they they   recycle it to make for example packaging  material for the industry or they they make   various products out of it so they recycle the  waste of flour which is flown into the rivers or   ponds from the various temples or religious places  across the country and recycle it now the point   is they for doing this they have developed they  have worked out certain machines these machines   were originally were compressor machines using  the billing by Siemens and some other people   occasionally they face the challenges of  maintenance issues because a small company   scattered across the country and they have to do  it very near the temple and if they are not able   to recycle and use the machines on that day those  flowers are gone because it will get rotten up now   my question to you is taking a cue from him that  arvr can be used to repair such type of machines   in real time basis how do you think it stands out  for small scale industry and medium skill industry   who do not have a dedicated maintenance Manpower  available so what are your initial thoughts on   this okay this is the question out of my syllabus  for the matter but but fortunately I come from IT   background who has served the Memphis industry for  almost five years but oil and gas for almost 10   years luckily in my previous company the Theisen  Crop AG I was a regional CIO based out of India   and we had so many entities almost 13 one of them  happened to be uh elevators which is mostly known   in that business and fortunately we had the  implementation I think himanshu just talked   about it the AR vrs using Hollow Lanes when as  long as your end end devices iot are are smart   in nature you can gain access to it and provide  all the remote services that you want to do it   and this practically that was something that we  actually delivered to the customers wherein from   a remote location or anywhere a highly skilled  person of that competence could remotely Connect   into any of these devices do a do a VR our review  and inspection and actually order a part something   that was not possible but had been triggered  elsewhere in the western world was actually   also delivering the spare directly at the client  location without actually having someone to carry   it right so something that should also happen  in India maybe through the logistics that we   have today the use of drones we should come in  sometime wherein for any kind of I would say   critical systems you could actually have the  inspection done remotely you could have the   unlocking and locking of the entire system done  remotely Wireless any kind of spare delivered   through these systems the logic system  that are now being tested out and army   actually used by many of these players including  including I was recently looking at McDonald's   using using devices where which allow people  to fly right delivering fees as remotely and to   any other location and I suppose the same is has  been actually implemented and is available even   in India so it's a very good input so what you  are trying to convey is that at the end of the   day there would be a solution available for small  scale industry and medium scale industry in coming   years or coming months we are such type of repair  would be possible in fact I have seen it happening   there are few companies who are doing it uh we  are reviewing uh some of the startups in the ti we   have such type of accelerated programs even for my  company where we support some of the accelerated   startups we are supporting like this so those type  of Technologies are expected to come and I am sure   that will take take root in coming years but uh  you know if I see a real application I saw that in   in a joint collaboration by IIT Delhi and  all India Medical Science Delhi where they   collaborated on certain Technologies for like this  by ways they are able to do some Advanced surgical   operations uh using robotic uh offline to online  tools from anywhere in the world in any Hospital   across so those things are being tried out so  if such type of intricate work can be done I'm   pretty sure such type of Maintenance would also  be done so very good input but that brings me to   uh to all Indian student Medical Science and  a few stop institutes who face the challenge   of uh Cyber attack and cyber security in the uh  in the context and we see that in manufacturing   and across the value chain we face this issue of  cyber security and I understand that you have a   long background in this area so what are your  initial thoughts on cyber security and how do   you think these challenges will be met in India  okay uh thank you uh you put it right I have had   some background in information security as such  um what I see happening then we give you some   insights to a background manufreshing setup  traditional not exposed to internet as such   it's a it's a crown jewel you want to protect but  suddenly someone like many of us in here advise   our companies to move into the cloud get all of  these benefits that accrue from say AI or vrs   and ARs and vrs which which necess state that you  have to have and interconnect between the it and   OT so cyber security as such has been mostly I.T  dominant with I.T leading that engagement right   and they are trained to kind of respond well keep  a track of what's happening in the world using   using uh intelligence across from various players  determining what is coming through which could be   a potential risk to us and trying to keep it keep  it away but yes while that is going to happen and   it is likely to happen what is important is  also at the important time having an incident   response system in place so it can kind of reduce  the impact and at the same time the OT part of it   which is our manufactory plants as such which are  now infused to integrate into into and align with   the integration with the I.T part of it as such  the people managing that aspect of the plant are   are ideally not it trained I.T sensitive these are  people who are many maybe the meas the distributed   Control Systems which now are a part of the  entire engagement and suddenly are exposed to   um say the the potential threats  from internet connectivity right   so so you know the people sitting out here they  are of course thinking in their mind that when   we go to the shop floor industry shop floor um  the team is working with various robots and you   know you are they are using their pen drives they  are downloading the data and here you are talking   about that we we keep the integrated system data  into cloud and the company is very susceptible if   all the data goes to Cloud even for example then  with the newest Technologies like AI ah how do   you how do we ensure the sanctity of data and  whether that data will remain with us what are   your thoughts about it okay so there are various  Technologies it's like when I leave my place or my   residence for the office I have to commute right  so there's a potential risk in everything that we   do so the moment you start adapting the cloud  Technologies you need to also be aware of the   dress around it right and there are Frameworks  around available that you can potentially ask   your cloud provider to offer and subscribe  to many of them already offer it like Global   certifications or standards like ISO 2201 if  it's a payment Gateway they have to have a PC ID   says compliance which gives you an assurance that  the company or the host provider is doing enough   right to be in a position to give you that  assurance that whatever you place there in the day   in in the system whether it is data in the cloud  or in transit all of it is encrypted to a specific   level and it is secure right as long as this is  being met as a basic framework there it should not   be a worry but but you also still have to use your  threat intelligence because every time you want to   and if by any chance you have systems which are  not patched these are the real causes of actually   exposing your vulnerabilities to the outside  world so as long as you are protecting both   your internal and external world you can surely  reduce and benefit from what is being offered   to you so would you like to share an example  where it has happened and how how it was handled   well I don't want to name the company but  yes it happens every now and then many of   the audiences out here would already be aware of  incidents that have happened there there are many   times even even state sponsored um I would say  I should not really give it a real word but yes   scenarios wherein there could be potential  exploits and it has happened to even get   your plants out of out of a it will be your  competitors it can be an individual and it   can be your hackers as well who attempt to  do that so so I will come to Mr Google on   this so uh you know because you are handling  transformation also I am sure similar type of   challenges are being faced at your organization  also and anti-industrial per se so how do you   see this aspect of keeping the data on cloud  and when you work out a transformation either   in sap or some other measures how do we  ensure that this transformation is seamless   no actually if you were to see uh seven eight  years ten years back Cloud was considered that   you know we whether or not we need to move to the  cloud and where is there a business case to move   to the cloud and cyber security was one of the  major concerns at that point of time but today   as we speak most organizations of our size and  maybe of lesser size or bigger ones they have   cyber Security Solutions which are deployed on the  cloud so suppose you have an endpoint protection   system that's hosted on the cloud of course you've  got agents on respective machines so the the whole   order has changed in in the subsequent years and  now as we speak there are multiple of these SAS   offerings in which you can experiment you can  try out these offerings whether it works to   your advantage or to your business Advantage  you perhaps maybe out of 10 such experiments   there may be three which in which you succeed  seven in which you fail but there is you don't   get penalized severely because of the failures  which was the case earlier because earlier for   you to do experiments or trials on these new age  Technologies you have to put up your uh no servers   in your data centers compute storage whatever  no and all that cyber security aspects had to be   factored but today you know you have these Niche  offerings Specialists no special products which   are available it could be for data analytics it  could be for driving artificial intelligence doing   predictive maintenance all of that is available  and today as we speak I give you one example you   know we also use book about examples here so  we are doing one um specific use case which I   want to highlight is on energy monitoring okay  so what we have done is we have connected more   than 100 plus equipments which are either high  energy energy generators or consumers within the   plant premise and we are monitoring not just the  energy consumption we are also monitoring specific   energy consumption we are also monitoring uh any  imbalances in their voltage current profiles which   is an indicative of their health also indirect  Health indirectly it's a proxy for their health   of the equipment also and this is what we are  doing it on cloud because if we were to set up   the the computational environment on-prem it will  be prohibitive in terms of basically acquiring it   and then also maintaining it and here also we have  a choice that no today if there is no uh no after   two years if we realize that we don't have to  continue it further we just have because it's a   model so you pay as you use so in that sense  of the world you can very well let go of that   okay so I think we we are in the last six minutes  so let me involve the the audience now and so I   will give a case study here so uh and I will  allow the audience to ask some tough questions   along with me uh so the case study is like this  I would like the audience to to ask questions   around this case study so that it becomes  interesting so case study goes like this is   that there is a company called Waba Tech uh which  is a recruitment platform completely technology   focused so they have a they have a AIML based  system by which every person who comes to their   platform a plus category institutes only only  iits IMS and they would be interviewed and each   one will be analyzed using AI VR platform every  every person is interviewed and that interview   is analyzed using on Ocean traits and the company  knows whether this com this person fits into the   profile or not and they allow only International  recruitment hundred thousand dollars and plus   only only a plus institutes only only topic degree  now with this background I would like you to ask   questions to to the to the panel here uh keeping  this reference in mind about this company uh what   type of challenges this company May face ah how  do you see the the integration or or similarity   in your own context and then what could be the  possible solutions anybody who wants to volunteer   you please just share your name and question  please I am Anil Bhatia and thanks Mr Singh for   your engaging session the context which you have  given right it is related to uh the recruitment   company right so my question is related to that  and holistic also the question is related to   credibility of data right because we are talking  about digitalization industry 4.2 5.0 any name  

you can give we are talking about data we are  playing with the data right the more the data   the more wood with the sanity so the question is  revolving around the credibility of data and why   I am asking this question I will just give you a  background because I will I will because there are   various stages where we can lose the sanctity of  data including iot's Edge devices and particularly   Predictive Analytics which is AI driven  right so somebody has written that algorithm   yes and how to cross check that it is a credible  data because actually but insights are depending   on that one right so let us keep question small  and crisp so okay who would like to answer that   go ahead Mr Pandit Chris sponsor please see for  any AI solution to implement you need to have   data right and most of the times as we say even  if a person lies we are biased to one side or   the other however the intent of all of these  algorithms which have been evolved over the   years the intent is to get that bias out of the  system right the ultimate objective is to derive   perspectives and insights from the data you will  always have biases whether in an AI system or we   as a human you cannot take it off but yes while  you enhance and improve the productivity or the   outputs from the system the more you feed the  data into the air solution and you have various   statistical algorithms available wherein you are  able to determine and predict as to what is the   bias in the software or the algorithm itself it  is developed by us the basic algorithm is given   by us but ultimately the system learns on its own  unless on its own while we as humans essentially   may actually unlearn as well the system never  unlearns so it keeps on learning and keeps on   improving on its own so there is an intent and  the systems are automatically reduce the biases   that you expect or that you indicate in here  and when you talk about the integrators so I   I think you have answered the question to a  large extent let us go to the next question ah thank you Dr Singh a very good context myself  Anil Pathak from Harman so the question is this   since lot of data is being used AIML how do we  ensure the privacy of the data the candidate has   an option to delete it thank you so privacy  of data sure you want to take that shut up   or anybody else Mr Google okay Mr Google please I  think data privacy is becoming a you know serious   concerns because we've seen gdprs of the world  already in Europe but and we are now seeing a   gdpr a liquid like gdpr no way data privacy bill  being launched in India also it's so what what   we clearly see is uh of course you need to have  explicit consent from from individuals whom with   whom you get the data because in in a recruitment  setup now you would have uh credentials you will   have uh maybe passport details or other details  aadhaar details also perhaps so all of that and   and then of course no you have to make sure that  your systems which are there you put data leakage   preventions uh controls are there encryptions are  are in place so that no of course there is no data   breach which is there so you from a cyber security  standpoint and also from an Access Control   authorization controls you you make to have  maybe multi-factor authentications in in place   so multiple controls today are in place to make  sure that breaches can will be avoided yeah okay   so thank you I I think I think we are all done  with time we should never cross the time limit   45 we will close so thank you for good questions  I I think two of you from the audience uh great   sessions with all of you uh challenges remain so  all the best have a great day thank you [Music]   thank you

2023-08-13

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