Суть GNU/Linux и свободного ПО
Hello everyone, and today I will tell you about the terrible and incomprehensible GNU/Linux and explain why it is better than Windows. I also want to remind you that in Russia Roskomnadzor specifically slows down YouTube to combat opposition content, so to prevent my videos from lagging, use a VPN, there is a link to the best options in the description. Now there will be a short historical background for a couple of minutes so that you understand what we are talking about. In the background, Debian GNU/Linux is installed from a flash drive for greater clarity. I would like to immediately mention that comparing Linux with Indian is as stubborn as comparing iPhone and Android, i.e. phone and operating system. Linux is a kernel, not an operating system, it does not include any graphical interface that supposedly copies something, it does not include any user software, does not include the hated terminal, etc., the kernel deals with processes, hardware, memory allocation and is
a layer between hardware and user programs. Windows also has a kernel, it's called Windows NT. And the operating system with which you are trying to compare the Indian is called GNU, it uses the Linux kernel and all popular Linux distributions, such as debian, ubuntu, kali, mint, manjaro, etc., are based on it. Therefore, if we mean GNU and its distributions using the Linux kernel, we need to say GNU/Linux. Someone will say that
it is easier for beginners to speak Linux OS, but no, the fact that you pronounce three letters less will not make your life any easier, but beginners will understand everything wrongly and remember it. For some reason, many people believe that no one uses Linux. I may surprise you, but you yourself use it since Android is Linux, yes, yes, again we remember that this is a kernel and not an OS. Also on 96% of servers of various sites, applications, cloud storage, etc. where stability and security are required, GNU/Linux is the choice, and in other cases, these are other unix-like systems. You can forget about the Windows server, one and a half amoebas use it. GNU/Linux is also used everywhere on all sorts of non-standard architectures such as cameras, routers, televisions, and other equipment that surrounds us, and even in supercomputers, etc. Since GNU/Linux distributions for PCs are simply different sets of programs, we will compare everything with Windows at once, since each distribution is intended for its own purposes and users, and there is only one Indian. But mostly I will talk about Debian because it is my main axis
and therefore I understand it best. The version of the windows is the eleventh in my comparison . But Linux of all versions at once, because they are free and will not be forcibly updated. So, let's start with the most important thing, namely, with free software, because it is from free software that all the other advantages of GNU/Linux flow. Both the Linux kernel itself and the GNU OS are free software. This means that absolutely anyone can look at the source code, figure out how things work, and copy and distribute the original or modified versions completely legally, that's what freedom is all about. Proprietary software is not open source, and you
can't figure out what the program you paid money for does on your damn computer, and even if you try, you'll be breaking the law. I classify such software as malicious, because in Windows or on a Mac you are a slave to your own OS, there are backdoors for remote access, forced updates that do not just update program versions, but can actually make any changes on the computer without your consent, limiting your freedom to do anything and on anything. On tablets with Windows RT, it was possible to disable restrictions and install GNU/Linux or another OS, but Microsoft, I quote, corrected the bug, calling it protection. Almost all Android devices need to go through a special procedure for unlocking the bootloader in order to expand freedom of action over your own property. These are not just some conspiracy theories ala corporations rule the world, reptilians, etc. These are all confirmed cases and the full list can be found at the link in the description. Now let’s talk about what freedom gives you in practice
if you didn’t have enough of it. Linux distributions are not just an analogue of stubborn pirated builds of Windows, the differences between distributions are colossal (They can have completely different purpose, weigh from several hundred megabytes to tens of gigabytes, have different system architectures, offer the most beautiful graphics or not have them at all), while they are all the same GNU/Linux with a different set of programs. The system consists of a bootloader, which then loads the kernel, which in turn launches the initialization system, and it already loads all the necessary services, drivers, libraries, and launches the lock screen. In it you
can choose a working environment (for example, Gnome, KDE, xfce, cinamon, if they are installed of course), and this is not just a theme or different wallpapers, the working environment is a full-fledged shell with its own interface, window manager and a huge number of built-in programs. And each environment has its own themes, for example, in kali linux, one command uses the xfce theme, which ideally disguises the system as an Indian one. Each listed system component can be replaced with another and configured as much as possible without any restrictions. There is no need for paid licenses, activation codes, or any editions that limit the user’s freedom in different ways . In Linux, your computer is completely yours; you are the driver, not the passenger. Yes, sometimes you can break the system, but maybe you still don’t need to search the Internet for commands that delete the system and try to execute them? But I’m not kidding, if you try really hard you can even destroy the BIOS, but it will be the tool’s fault, or maybe its user? GNU/Linux and in particular the bash terminal is a Swiss army knife in the world of operating systems with a huge number of functions and at the same time optional functions (remember complete freedom). And this is an important point. If you don’t want to use absolutely every feature and dance with tambourines around the system for ten hours, please, you don’t have to do this. GNU/Linux is generally no worse than Windows in terms of
ease of use, and on the contrary, it is much simpler and more convenient. At the same time, there are a lot of additional features for those who need them, and now I will show this with a simple example. The operating system is built on the programs that it includes, so let’s compare, for example, installing programs. To install the program on Hindu, you need to open a browser, from some dubious site using an unsecured connection, download the binary file dash installer which, of course , will not have open source code, i.e. you can’t be sure what exactly it will do,
then run it to install the installer of the installer of the installer and on some circle of this hell install a program with ten viruses, world of tanks and 360 total security shortcuts as a gift. The Hindu gets so dirty that he constantly needs reinstallation. In startup, the programs themselves are taken to do something incomprehensible, the autostart of which you did not set up, and half of them are slag from Microsoft, which you do not even use. 30 GB of disk space is occupied by something unknown and you don’t know where the space is going. There is always something in the background that cannot be turned off, consuming resources, some files cannot be deleted simply because they are used in an unknown program, constantly pop-up windows about purchasing a paid license every time you start, an antivirus that only installs viruses (if I’m talking about Avast now, and this is not an exaggeration).
Why is this happening? Because most software for Zaserindovs is nonsense proprietary, the source code cannot be viewed and the programs do not understand what they are doing. those. proprietary and sometimes even paid software. And that’s why you have to use pirated software with all that it entails. Although non-free software in itself is also malware, i.e. malware, I already mentioned this . Well, what about Linux? All programs are supplied in packages, there are several types of them and they depend on the package manager (this is a program that downloads, installs and updates packages from repositories (i.e. official developer sites,
and even the play market would envy the number of programs lying there)), for example in Debian and everything that is based on it (ubuntu, kali, mint, etc. .deb packages are used, which is NOT an analogue of .exe since exe is An EXECUTABLE file that will do whatever it wants, and the package is an archive with the program itself, which most often has open source code that is sometimes viewed, i.e. everything is safe and you know for sure that the program will be there. do what needs to be done. Other distributions have different package managers and, accordingly, other types of packages. And to install a program in wildebeest Linux with one command, you can use a package manager in the terminal that will download everything from the official repositories (i.e. from the
distribution servers) without the need to go into the browser and, most importantly, without viruses and junk, since all the programs in the repositories are official from the developers themselves and go through several stages of verification, or the program can be installed in a couple of clicks in the application store, which does everything the same only in the graphical interface and is present in almost all distributions (for example, in the Linux Mint distribution, a terminal is never required, the most user-friendly distribution) We also recall Android, which uses the Linux kernel and which has the same bash terminal. Do you use it often ? Same thing. If something is not in the repositories, then the program can be downloaded from the developer’s website, and also without the jokes with viruses and junk like the Indians. Why won’t they
exist if the program and developer are the same as in Windows? Yes, because there are no installers for installers that are arbitrary in your system, which means there won’t be an option for additional installation of any rubbish. And there will be no viruses because there are fewer vulnerabilities in Linux (more on this later) and also because all programs are from the official websites of the developers, and pirated software is not required at all because All programs are free and free. For example, as a blogger and developer who assembles Android firmware from source code, I have never had to pirate software, especially not about ordinary users. Well, okay, installing programs is easier, but maybe installing Linux itself is more complicated? No, the average installer image weighs almost half as much as that of 11 Indian, but at the same time it has much more advanced functionality, for example, there is a full-fledged live mode in which you get a ready-made operating system without having to install it directly on your flash drive in order to test it, see how it will work on this equipment and understand that Linux is better. And if
you are a user of Kalvindovs, you simply MUST pirate the software and the system itself, because I will remind you that this is all paid, and if you can still afford to engage in illegal activities, then there is no corporation, they will be slapped with a huge fine for the slightest offense. So if you think that you bought a laptop with Windows in DNS and didn’t pay anything for it, then I’m afraid to disappoint you, the price already includes a license. Installation in Linux is also carried out directly from the live environment through a normal graphical installer with a beautiful design, which is also updated constantly and differs in different distributions, and not like in the Hindu through their ancient installer which has not changed almost since the Indian Astalavista. And right after installing GNU/Linux, you get a ready-made system, which was configured during the installation process thanks to modern technologies (specifically chroot for those who know). But since
a quintillion Eurobucks and one and a half programmer without motivation were invested in the development of the installer for new versions of the window, we end up having to reboot ten times, set up the system, MUST log into the account undersoftware and the fucking “This may take a few minutes” screen. What “this” means is known only to the programmer who came up with it, because, as I already said, there is no source code. And let’s say the screen in the initial setup, where you supposedly disable surveillance, well, how do you know that this flipping the toggle switch makes any sense? There is no source code, you can, of course, disassemble it, but trying to figure out how the system works and somehow disassemble it turns out to be a violation of the law! They will watch you, and 24/7. Yes , yes, if you have already gone to the comments to write how you can set up all this, then think again, by doing this you are only promoting my video and then I will track you down by IP and make you bear responsibility for breaking the law. I will also install a virus on your computer for remote access, and I will look at you through the camera around the clock. Don't like it? So you just wanted to write that you enjoy it . Now regarding the wretchedness of the proprietary software. Hindus still have problems with drivers, no matter how you try to deny it. When I install the official image
of Windows from a flash drive onto my dick, for some reason it doesn’t see my disk. Although Debian 11 easily sees it and installs it. Well, like, what’s so difficult to implement a normal driver for working with disks, what the hell does it matter what kind of file system is there and how many partitions there are, even 9999, in Linux you can easily format it, fill it with zeros or random data, create a new GPT or MBR partition, and so on for absolutely any disk. Moreover, for me it is not so specific, on the contrary, it is not some random ssd for which, in order to read smart data, you need different drivers for different types of the same model, I have a fucking universal M.2 NVME, and the old Debian 11 that came out a bunch of years ago can easily see my disk and all the file systems on it. Moreover, Debian 11 contains only free drivers, that is, you can freely view and change the source code. And Windows 11 is a new OS which, as a plus, has all
the proprietary drivers that are usually required for shit, the installer image of which weighs TEN fucking TIMES more than Debian 11 netinstaller and does not see the disk. THERE ARE NO ADEQUATE REASONS WHY THIS HAPPENS, this is not a laptop problem, not a driver problem, because they exist and the source code is open, this is a problem ONLY in the Windows itself. Also, for example, when I want to unlock the bootloader on the phone or work with it in some other way, I need to download and install Google drivers for fastboot (that’s the name of the phone’s firmware mode and also a program for the computer), drivers from the smartphone manufacturer, some other usb drivers, reboot, and from somewhere create the fastboot program itself. In general, dance with a tambourine, dance with a tambourine, and dance with a tambourine again and only then start working. In Debian GNU/Linux, you enter
ONE command to install the fastboot program and no manual installation of any drivers is required, EVERYTHING WORKS IMMEDIATELY out of the box. stop denying reality, there are problems with drivers and they haven’t gone away. This is another example of why free software is better. When a program is open source, any programmer can read it, find bugs and security vulnerabilities and fix them, simply improve the program and contribute. When the source code
is closed, you can only go to jail. Also, open source programs are constantly updated and improved, as a result they are much more modern than in Windows or Mac or anything else. No, just look at KDE 6 in Endeavor OS, this is a really modern design! Some people also prefer Gome, which has a simple, beautiful, and intuitive interface. In Linux there is
such an option for updating the system, called Rolling, this is when all programs immediately after release flow into the repository, the opportunity to update appears in a matter of days after the release of new versions from the developers. The system is updated constantly and continuously, there are no specific releases ala Windows 7, 8 or 10. Sometimes this option is provided as a test branch of the repositories, packages are there before they get into the stable branch, due to this all the programs are accurately tested, stable and operational, as I have already mentioned. Let’s just talk about the stability of the system. This is a rather hackneyed topic, but many continue to say that GNU/Linux supposedly
does not work stably and that is why it is so difficult for a beginner to switch to it, but again, this is not true. One has only to remember about Android again and no one will say that it is less functional or works less stable than some Windows background that failed due to its wretchedness. Or remember about servers that need stability and security, 90% on GNU/Linux. Also on the desktop, if you only use a browser and play games on Steam, then you won’t have any problems (and yes, games originally designed for Indian work quite normally through Steam Play, and this is official and without piracy), and not only you won’t have problems, people who develop software will have much more problems with Indian, for example, how to make sure that the server on this masterpiece OS is not hacked by a schoolboy who is not hacker for 5 nanoseconds. So all system crashes and problems when updating on Linux are caused exclusively by crooked hands growing from the ASS of a user who tried to enable an unstable update branch or did something else unreasonable without first understanding the issue. Yes, there is Archlinux
in which, due to the rolling system, the system may completely break after an update. But there are also stable releases of Debian, you just need direct hands. In most distributions, packages go through several stages of testing before being released into the official release, as I have already mentioned several times. In general, I won’t spend too much time on the topic of stability, just try Debian GNU/Linux (for a moment the most stable distribution in existence) and you will understand that it works much better than the blue-screen-pomerinds. A huge selection of distributions for different
needs provides many opportunities that are not available on the clumsy Windows. For example, if you have an old computer with 2 gigs of RAM and 10 built-in, the latest Windows will not work on it. But there is lightweight archlinux, which without graphics is enough for 200 MB of RAM. And this is not some prehistoric system like ms-dos, for which there is nothing. You can install a minimalistic window manager and you will have a beautiful, modern and most importantly lightweight system. The point of Arch is that there is nothing superfluous in it, there are no heaps of useless pre-installed programs like in the window, if you need something, you can install it from the repositories. It is impossible to do this in Windows by definition, the Hindu is a shitty code system in which everything will fall apart due to the lack of one unnecessary component. Shitty code because this is a business, and
only one and a half amoebas monitor the quality of the code. In Linux, you have complete freedom of choice, there are no strict minimum requirements for the system to deign to start, if you have BIOS, UEFI, Secure Boot is not supported, super new or ultra ancient hardware, there is a solution for each option . There are no comrades according to the taste and color, so there is mint for basoskufs, red hat for corporations, kali linux for hacker motherfuckers, arch for programmers and its graphical assemblies for old PCs, for example Endeavor, gentoo in which each installed program is assembled from source code directly on your computer, by the way, the Kaspersky rescue disk and chrome os are based on it, and terrorists also use it, so as not to be detected. There are alternative libraries like musl (we are talking about the implementation of a standard C library, almost all operating systems are written on it). For example, I collect Android firmware from source code. Only Linux itself is cross-platform,
there are even versions for mobile devices, there is also the great and cross-platform GCC, which can assemble code for many different architectures, here is a specific list. The window cannot allow this , it is not flexible enough. This also applies to Macs, just look at the price and processor power. Although here it is rather weakness. As soon as programmers write code on it and still manage to assemble it, I’m afraid to imagine. Linux is also suitable for GAMERS,
given that there is steam play (and even their steam deck console works on Linux), as well as wine and its gaming version, which can run any program for Windows, and this is not some kind of emulator, but an implementation of the Indian API, that is, everything runs natively. There are also programs for photo and video editors, such as Resolve, kdenlive, GIMP, Crita, and something else. And please do not call any photo editors Photoshop, this is a proprietary trademark , you have no right to do so. GNU/Linux especially bypasses other systems in the field of security.
It has far fewer viruses; an antivirus is basically not required, and this is not because the system is less popular. For example, there is a less popular iPhone, and there is a Pegasus virus for it, which does not require any action from the user at all to get full remote access. The whole point lies in vulnerabilities, i.e. weak points. If there are a lot of them, and no one fixes them, then they can be
used to annoy the user, and all viruses are based on them. In order to have fewer vulnerabilities, you need to constantly find and fix them, and conduct an audit. How will you conduct an audit if it’s fucking prohibited by law, they’ll try to find out how the proprietary system works. When the original
the code is closed or difficult to read, such as systemd, then vulnerabilities may not be fixed for DECADES. On Linux, you will never need to run an executable file, from which viruses most often emerge, because, as already mentioned, all programs are supplied in packages and are managed by a manager. You don't even need pirated software from dubious sites. I'm not even talking about the architecture of the GNU/Linux OS family - it is a monolithic kernel, modularity of both the kernel and the OS itself, the AppArmor access rights system, firewall, and almost all actions affecting the system require root rights. This all significantly reduces the likelihood of vulnerabilities appearing. Uuuuffff, and if you remember about the proprietary Indian registry, it’s unclear why it’s needed and is a storehouse of vulnerabilities. In my opinion, everything is obvious here. The only reason you continue to use your pants on Windows is the monopolization of the computer market by Microsoft Corporation. I remember a case when I emulated windows XP on my phone using
a bosch emulator and do you know what the person standing next to me said when he saw it? Oh, is that a computer on your phone? Windows = computer, this is not normal at all. People think that Linux is complicated and incomprehensible simply because they do not know that there are other operating systems besides Windows. Yes, even the fact that Windows is an OS. But besides GNU/Linux itself, there are other unix-like systems,
mac os, FreeBSD, for example, I didn’t even touch on it today. I hope with this video I have enlightened you at least a little about various operating systems and their structure, and you will still think about switching, try something new. And this is exactly the goal I set for myself. That's all, there will be no link to Debian GNU/Linux in the description because this is not an advertisement, and Debian is not a corporation. This video is published under a YouTube license, but I wrote the text myself, so so that Google doesn’t blather there, I declare it public property, you can use it as you want. in 14
minutes of the video, Debian is already installed, and unlike Windows, it does not require an hour of additional setup, it is immediately ready to work. By the way, as for the Indian, what is his speed? Oh yes, you still have to work an 8-hour shift for half a month to even get a license for 15 fucking thousand, otherwise it’s a violation of the law. Well, I won’t bother you, have a good shift at the plant. And you are my free Linux users, Like, subscribe to the channel and I`ll be back
2025-02-23 13:58
